Učinki mobilizacije živčevja na kronično nespecifično bolečino v križu : pregled literature

Jenko, Katja (author), Hlebš, Sonja (mentor)

Uvod: Bolečina v križu je v razvitem svetu ena najpogosteje zdravljenih okvar kostno-mišičnega sistema in eden glavnih vzrokov zmanjšane zmožnosti. Pojav kroničnih bolečin v križu močno narašča. V 2 % do 7 % primerih akutna bolečina napreduje v kronično. Za zdravljenje kronične nespecifične bolečine se največkrat uporablja telesna vadba. Poleg številnih postopkov zdravljenja se za zdravljenje bolečine v križu uporablja tudi mobilizacija živčevja, za katero se predvideva, da z različnimi tehnikami drsenja in napetosti zmanjša bolečino in poveča gibljivost. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je na osnovi pregleda literature predstaviti učinke mobilizacije živčevja pri kronični nespecifični bolečini v križu. Metode dela: Za iskanje literature smo uporabili podatkovne zbirke Science direct, PubMed, CINAHL. Za analizo so bile uporabljene raziskave, objavljene med leti 2006 in 2015, v angleškem jeziku, s ključnimi besedami: low back pain, neural mobilization, neural stretching, disability, physiotherapy, straight leg raise test, slump test. Rezultati: Na podlagi kriterijev je bilo v pregled literature vključenih deset raziskav. V vseh so proučevali učinke različnih tehnik mobilizacije živčevja na bolečino, od tega sedem na stopnjo funkcijske nezmožnosti in tri na obseg gibljivosti spodnjih udov. Rezultati raziskav potrjujejo, da mobilizacija živčevja bistveno vpliva na zmanjšanje bolečine, stopnje nezmožnosti ter povečanje gibljivosti. Razprava in sklep: Glede na rezultate raziskav lahko sklepamo, da je mobilizacija živčevja sicer učinkovit postopek za zmanjševanje bolečin v križu, vendar večjo učinkovitost dosežemo, če tehnike mobilizacije živčevja kombiniramo z mobilizacijo ledvene hrbtenice in vajami za stabilizacijo. Raziskave so se med seboj razlikovale glede učinkovitosti posameznih tehnik mobilizacije živčevja, zato ne moremo trditi, katera tehnika je najbolj primerna. Dejstvo je, da bo učinkovitost mobilizacije živčevja potrebno še dobro raziskati.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: mobilizacija živčevja, kronična bolečina v križu, fizioterapija, nezmožnost, dinamični testi živčevja
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-101541
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5440363
• Publication date in RUL: 14.06.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of neural mobilization on chronic nonspecific low back pain : literature review

Abstract

Introduction: Low back pain is one of the most commonly cured conditions of the musculoskeletal system in the developed world and is one of the main causes of disability. The number of patients suffering from chronic low back pain is on the rise and in 2-7% of cases acute pain becomes chronic. Chronic nonspecific pain is most commonly treated with physical activity. However, there are numerous other approaches to treating this condition, one of them being neural mobilization, with which we decrease the pain and increase the mobility with various gliding and tension techniques. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to determine the effects of neural mobilization on chronic nonspecific low back pain, based on the research of given literature. Methods: Databases such as Science direct, PubMed and CINAHL were used for literature research. In the analysis, researches conducted between the years 2006 and 2015 were studied. These researches are all in English and were found with the help of the following key words: low back pain, neural mobilization, neural stretching, disability, physiotherapy, straight leg raise test, slump test. Results: According to certain criteria, ten researches were included in the analysis. All of them looked into the effects of various techniques of neural mobilization on the pain, seven of which dealt with various stages of disability, while the other three focused on the mobility of lower limbs. Results confirm that neural mobilization greatly lowers the pain and disability, while increasing the flexibility. Discussion and conclusion: According to the results found in said researches, we can conclude that neural mobilizations is an effective method for decreasing low back pain, but its effects can be improved by combining it with lumbar spine mobilization and stabilisation exercises. The researches this thesis took into account each dealt with a specific technique of neural mobilization and its effects, therefore it is difficult to determine which technique is the most appropriate in general. It can be concluded that the effects of the neural mobilization will need to be further researched.

• Keywords: neural mobilization, chronic low back pain, physiotherapy, disability, neurodynamic testing