Vpliv gnojenja z žveplom na pridelek in vsebnost pigmentov in nekaterih sekundarnih metabolitov v čebulicah šalotke (Allium cepa var. aggregatum G. Don.)

Jakovljević, Lea (author), Kacjan Maršić, Nina (mentor)

Namen magistrske naloge je bil ugotoviti, kako gnojenje z žveplom vpliva na količino pridelka, kakovost čebulic in vsebnost nekaterih sekundarnih metabolitov v čebulicah šalotke. V poskus smo vključili dve sorti (‘Golden Gourmet’ in ‘Red Sun’), ki se med seboj razlikujeta po barvi luskolistov čebulic. Poskus je potekal od marca do julija 2016 na laboratorijskem polju BF in je bil zasnovan v split-plot zasnovi v 4 ponovitvah (blokih). V poskus smo vključili 3 obravnavanja z gnojenjem (N0S0 (negnojeno), N120S0 (KAN, Hiperkorn 0:26:0 in KCl) in N120S65 (KAN, Hiperkorn 0:26:0 in K2SO4), ki so bila naključno razporejena na glavnih parcelah, na podparcelah pa smo razporedili sorti. Merili smo količino pridelka, kakovost čebulic, maso gnezda, vsebnost suhe snovi v čebulici in vsebnost antocianov in flavonolov. Rastline iz obravnavanja N120S65 so imele značilno večji pridelek (pri sorti 'Red Sun' 19,1 t/ha in pri 'Golden Gourmet' 12,3 t/ha) glede na obravnavanji N120S0 (15,7 t/ha 'Red Sun' in 9,7 t/ha 'Golden Gourmet') in N0S0 (13,4 t/ha 'Red Sun' in 9,6 t/ha 'Golden Gourmet'). Rastline iz obravnavanja N120S65, so imele večjo maso posameznega gnezda (96,4 g) glede na ostali dve obravnavanji (N0S0 (85,3 g/gnezdo) in N120S65 (69,1 g/gnezdo). Gnojenje z N in S je pri sorti 'Red Sun' vplivalo na večji delež čebulic s premerom večjim od 5,5 cm glede na ostali obravnavanji. V čebulicah šalotke 'Red Sun', ki ima rdečo barvo luskolistov, smo ugotovili prisotnost derivatov cianidina. Največ je bilo cianidin-3(-6''-malonilglukozida), sledi cianidin-3-malonil-laminaribiozid, katerega vsebnost je bila v čebulicah, gnojenih z N manjša glede na ostala obravnavanja. V čebulicah smo ugotovili prisotnost 11 flavonolov, med katerimi je bilo največ kvercetin dihekzosida 3. Gnojenje samo z N in z N in S je značilno zmanjšalo vsebnost flavonolov v čebulicah šalotke.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: vrtnarstvo, šalotka, sorte, gnojenje, žveplo vsebujoče spojine, sekundarni metaboliti
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [L. Jakovljević]
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-101354
• UDC: 635.263:631.811.7:631.559(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 8978297
• Publication date in RUL: 30.05.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The impact of sulfur fertilization on yield and the content of pigments and some secondary metabolites in the shallot bulbs (Allium cepa var. aggregatum G. Don.))

Abstract

The aim of the master’s thesis was to determine how sulfur fertilization influences the amount of yield and bulbs quality, as well as the content of some secondary metabolites in the bulb of the shallot. Two varieties were included in the experiment (‘Golden Gourmet’ and ‘Red Sun’), which are different in color of the bulbs. The experiment was conducted from March until July 2016 on the Laboratory field of the Biotechnical Faculty and was designed in split-plot design with 4 repetitions (blocks). On the main plot the fertilization treatments (N0S0 (not fertilized), N120S0 (KAN, Hiperkorn 0:26:0 and KCl) and N120S65 (KAN, Hiperkorn 0:26:0 and K2SO4)) were randomly arranged and varieties were arranged on the subplots. The yield of shallots, the quality of shallot bulbs and the weight of bulb cluster, bulbs dry matter and the amount of anthocyanins and flavonols. Fertilization with nitrogen and sulfur (N120S65) significantly increased the yield ('Red Sun' 19.1 t/ha and 'Golden Gourmet' 12.3 t/ha) according to control treatment (N0S0) (13.4 t/ha 'Red Sun' and 9.6 t/ha 'Golden Gourmet') and nitrogen fertilization (N120S0) (15.7 t/ha 'Red Sun' and 9.7 t/ha 'Golden Gourmet'). Plants of shallots, from N120S65 treatment had a larger mass of clusters (96.4 g) according to treatments N0S0 (85.3 g) and N120S65 (69.1 g). Fertilization with N and S in the 'Red Sun' varieties affected a larger proportion of bulbs with a diameter greater than 5.5 cm according to other treatments. The highest content of cyanidin-3(-6''-malonylglucoside) anthocyanin was found in all three treatments, followed by cyanidin 3-malonil-lamynaribiozid, the amount of which was lower in bulbs from N120S0 treatment accorgding to other treatments. In bulbs of both varieties, 11 flavonols were detected, and the highest concentration of quercetin dihexoside 3 was found. Fertilization with N and S significantly decreased the content of flavonols in shallot bulbs in comparison with unfertilized, control plants.

• Keywords: vegetables, shallot, cultivars, fertilization, sulfur-containing compounds, secondary metabolites