Vloga medicinske sestre pri osebi z Downovim sindromom in Alzheimerjevo demenco : sistematični pregled literature

Bažec, Maruša (author), Zaletel, Marija (mentor)

Uvod: Osebe z Downovim sindromom se starajo hitreje kot druga populacija, hkrati pa so bolj dovzetne za razvoj Alzheimerjeve demence. Ker imajo omejene kognitivne sposobnosti in zaradi pomanjkanja znanja zdravstvenih delavcev, lahko ostane tako stanje neopaženo in nediagnosticirano. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je preučiti, s kakšnimi težavami se soočajo osebe z Downovim sindromom, ko se starajo, kdaj se pojavi Alzheimerjeva demenca pri osebi z Downovim sindromom, kako se odkriva Alzheimerjeva demenca pri osebi z Downovim sindromom in kakšna je zdravstvena nega pri osebi z Downovim sindromom, ki je zbolela za Alzheimerjevo demenco. Metode: V diplomskem delu je bila uporabljena deskriptivna raziskovalna metoda dela s sistematičnim pregledom dosegljive znanstvene in strokovne literature. Iskanje literature je bilo omejeno na časovni okvir med letoma 2005 in 2017 v mednarodnih podatkovnih bazah »CINAHL with full text«, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, PubMed, DiKUL in COBIS.SI. Nekaj virov je bilo najdenih s pomočjo brskalnika Google. Iskanje literature v podatkovnih bazah je potekalo z uporabo ključnih besed: Down syndrome, Alzheimer's, Alzheimer disease, nursing, aging. V analizo je bilo vključenih 55 člankov. Rezultati: Osebe z Downovim sindromom lahko občutijo prve znake Alzheimerjeve demence že pri 50. letih starosti. Prvi znaki so osebnostne spremembe in spremembe v obnašanju. Take spremembe lahko ostanejo neodkrite, če že prej zdravstveno stanje osebe z Downovim sindromom ni natančno ocenjeno. Ključna vloga medicinske sestre je ozaveščanje in poučevanje ljudi, ki skrbijo za osebe z Downovim sindromom in osebe same o zgodnjem pojavu Alzheimerjeve demence pri osebah z Downovim sindromom. Razprava in zaključek: S poučevanjem in z ozaveščanjem o tem problemu lahko veliko prej diagnosticiramo Alzheimerjevo demenco pri osebi z Downovim sindromom. Ob tem moramo bolnika in svojce oz. pomembne druge vključiti v proces zdravstvene nege, treba je načrtovati primerno nastanitev za obolelo osebo in z zgodnjim odkrivanjem ter diagnozo upočasniti neizogiben kognitivni upad ter poslabšanje zdravstvenega stanja osebe z Downovim sindromom in Alzheimerjevo demenco.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Downov sindrom, Alzheimerjeva demenca, zdravstvena nega, staranje
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-100934
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5388651
• Publication date in RUL: 24.04.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Role of nurse with person with Down syndrome who has Alzheimer's disease : systematic literature review

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with Down syndrome are submitted to faster aging than other population, at the same time they are more susceptible to develope Alzheimer's disease. They have limited cognitive skills and due to lack of knowledge of health care professionals about it, disease can remain unnoticed and consequently undiagnosed. Aim: The aim of this thesis is to determine the type of problems older persons with Down syndrome are facing, the first signs of Alzheimer's disease in people with Down syndrome, how to detect Alzheimer's disease in person with Down syndrome and what is the role of nurse with person with Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease. Methods: Descriptive research method with a systematic review of the available scientific and professional literature has been used in this diploma thesis. The literature has been limited in time frame from the year of 2005 to 2017, searched in international databases » CINAHL with full text, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, PubMed, DiKUL and COBISS.SI. Some sources were found with Google. The key words for searching in databases were: Down syndrome, Alzheimer's, Alzheimer's disease, nursing, aging. The total number of used literature is 55 articles. Results: People with Down syndrome can experience the first signs of Alzheimer's disease at the age of 50. Early signs include personality changes and changes in behaviour. Such changes may remain undetected if previously person with Down syndrome is not assessed for the exact state of health. The key role of nurse is to raise awareness and education of the people who care for persons with Down syndrome and to teach persons with Down Syndrome themselves about the nature of Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease together. Discussion and conclusion: Disease can be diagnosed a lot earlier, if there is awarenes of symptoms, enough materials about this subject available. The patient has to be included in the process. Inevitable decline in the health status of a person with Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease can be slow down through early detection and diagnosis which brings planing about appropriate accommodations for person with Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease.

• Keywords: Down syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, nursing care, aging