Češka avantgarda in njena primerjava s slovensko avantgardo znotraj območja poezije v prvi polovici 20. stoletja : magistrsko delo

Koprivnikar, Aljaž (author), Matajc, Vanesa (mentor)

Magistrska naloga želi prikazati razvoj češke in slovenske avantgarde v prvi polovici 20. stoletja, pri tem pa predstavititi tudi analizo morebitnih odnosov med Slovenci in Čehi na področju avantgardne poezije. V prvem delu naloga ponudi pregled teorij avantgardne umetnosti, ob tem pa iz sklopa avantgard striktno izloči tako ekspresionizem kot modernizem. Obenem se iz treh najbolj reprezentativnih teorij avantgarde sintetizira avantgardni model, po katerem se tako češka kot slovenska pesniška produkcija lahko upravičita kot avantgardni. V drugem in tretjem delu naloga prikaže sistematični pregled razvoja obeh avantgard, ki imata tako na Češkoslovaškem kot na Slovenskem skupna izhodišča v modernističnih in tedanjih evropskih avantgardnih tokovih. V češkem prostoru se v prvi fazi izoblikuje proletarska umetnost, na katero vpliva predvsem futurizem, kasneje pa se ob oblikovanju skupine Devětsil razvije tudi poetizem, izvirno češko avantgardistično gibanje, ki izkazuje vplive ruskega konstruktivizma in se v tretji fazi, ob razpadu skupine preoblikuje v češki surrealizem. Na Slovenskem po drugi strani prvo fazo postavljamo v Podbevška, ki ga pogosto povezujejo s futurizmom, in njegovo zbirko Človek z bombami, drugo v Kosovelovo konstruktivno konstruktivistično ustvarjanje, ki je bilo sicer objavljeno šele desetletja po njegovi smrti, v tretjo fazo pa slovenski konstruktivizem pri Černigoju in Delaku. V četrtem delu analiziramo morebitno recepcijo in medsebojne vplive, pri čemer ugotovimo, da so iz slovenske strani zaradi nepoznanosti in neprepoznavnosti avtorjev vplivi na češko avantgardo zelo malo verjetni, obratno pa se je sicer v Sloveniji poročalo o čeških kulturnih dogodkih, vendar ob tem popolnoma umanjka avantgardno ustvarjanje. Informacije o češki avantgardi so bile posredovane zgolj v manjši meri, po doslej dostopnem gradivu tako o neposrednem vplivu Čehov na Slovence ne moremo govoriti, kvečjemu lahko govorimo o možnosti ali pa naključnih podobnostih med avantgardnim pesništvom obeh narodov. Magistrska naloga ponuja pregled delovanja češke avantgarde, ki v slovenskem prostoru do sedaj še ni bilo širše raziskano, ob tem pa omogoča tudi nadaljnje možne raziskave, predvsem pri možnih stikih obeh avantgard.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: češka književnost, slovenska književnost, literarna avantgarda, poezija, 20. st., literarni vplivi, Neumann, Stanislav Kostka, Hořejši, Jindřich, Hora, Josef, Biebl, Konstantin, Wolker, Jiři Karel, Nezval, Vitězslav, Seifert, Jaroslav, Halas, František, Holan, Vladimir, Závada, Vilém, Podbevšek, Anton, Kosovel, Srečko, bolonjski magisterij
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Koprivnikar]
• Year: 2015
• Number of pages: 321 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-100284
• UDC: 82.02-1"1900/1950"
• COBISS.SI-ID: 58377826
• Publication date in RUL: 21.03.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English

Abstract

The master thesis wants to show the development of Czech and Slovene avant-garde in the first half of the 20 th century, while also analyzing potential relations between the Slovene and Czech in the field of avant-garde poetry. In the first part the thesis offers an overview of avant-garde art theories and by doing so strictly excludes expressionism and modernism from the range of avant-garde. From three of the most representative theories of avant-garde the thesis synthesizes a model, which can justify Czech as well as Slovene poetry as avant-garde. In the second and third part the thesis shows a systematical overview of both avant-gardes' development, concluding that common ground for both can be found in modernist and contemporary avant-garde movements. In Czechoslovakia proletariat art forms in the first phase, influenced by futurism, later in the context of the group Devětsil developing to poetism, an original Czech avant garde movement, which shows mainly influences of Russian constructivism. In the third phase, after the group falls apart, poetism develops to surrealism. In Slovenia the first phase is connected to Podbevšek, also influenced by futurism and his collection Človek z bombami. The second phase is set in Kosovel's constructive constructivist production, which was published decades after his death. The third phase constitutes of Slovene constructivism of Černigoj and Delak. In the fourth part the thesis analyses potential reception and influences, where we find that the influence from Slovene avantgarde is rather improbable, because in its time Slovene avant-garde was locally contained and not known internationally. On the other hand, Slovene newspapers have reports of cultural events in Czechoslovakia, however there are not any notices of avantgarde art. Information about Czech avant-garde was thus transmitted only to a lesser extent, so based on the material that is available up until now we cannot talk of a direct influence of the Czech on Slovene avant-garde. We can mostly talk about a possibility or random similarities between the avant-garde poetry of both nations. The master thesis offers a review of the Czech avant-garde, which in the context of influences on the Slovene literature was not yet widely researched. Thus it also offers starting points for possible further research, especially regarding possible cultural influence between both nations.