Vloga medicinske sestre pri preventivnih pregledih športnikov : pregled literature

Bratec, Iza (author), Hiti, Nina (mentor), Milavec Kapun, Marija (co-mentor)

Uvod: V športu narašča število poškodb in bolezni. Športniki želijo »biti zdravi«, skušajo prikriti svoja bolezenska stanja, da lahko nadaljujejo s treningi, četudi so bolni. Medicinske sestre je smiselno v okviru preventivnih pregledov športnika pooblastiti, da stremijo k doseganju optimalnega zdravja za športnika. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je s pomočjo znanstvene in strokovne literature opisati in predstaviti delovanje medicine športa v Sloveniji in v drugih državah ter opisati potek preventivnih pregledov športnikov. Osredotočili smo se na preventivno zdravstveno varstvo športnikov do 50. leta starosti s posebnim poudarkom na poškodbah v povezavi z indeksom telesne mase. Glede na rezultate pa smo opisali tudi naloge in vlogo medicinske sestre pri preventivnih pregledih športnikov. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela, ki je vključevala pregled tuje in slovenske znanstvene in strokovne literature. Zbiranje literature je trajalo od januarja do novembra 2017. Pregledane so bile bibliografske baze podatkov CINAHL with Full Text, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect in Vzajemna bibliografsko-kataložna baza podatkov COBIB.SI. Rezultati: Najdenih je bilo devet raziskav. Ugotovili smo, da povišana telesna masa lahko privede do povečanega števila športnih poškodb tako pri rekreativnih kakor tudi pri profesionalnih športnikih. To smo ugotovili v vseh raziskavah razen v eni. Prav tako povečana telesna aktivnost poveča možnost za pojavnost športnih poškodb. Razprava in zaključek: S preventivnimi pregledi se zmanjša tveganje za nastanek poškodb in bolezni pri športnikih, zato menimo, da bi jim morali posvečati veliko več pozornosti, ne samo vrhunskim športnikom, pač pa tudi športnikom vseh ostalih kategorij. Strokovnjaki zdravstvene nege predstavljajo pomemben del interdisciplinarnega tima pri obravnavi športnika. Medicinske sestre bi morale intenzivno izvajati zdravstveno vzgojo. S športnikom morajo vzpostaviti odnos, ki bi privedel do medsebojnega zaupanja. Še večji poudarek bi morale nameniti skrbi za lastno zdravje športnikov, pravilni športni prehrani in preprečevanju poškodb, ki lahko neugodno vplivajo na zdravje športnika.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstveno varstvo, preventiva, športniki, indeks telesne mase
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [I. Bratec]
• Year: 2018
• Number of pages: 23 str., [3] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-100208
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5408875
• Publication date in RUL: 15.03.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The role of nurse in periodic health evaluation of athletes : literature review

Abstract

Introduction: Sports are associated with an increased number of injuries and illnesses. Because athletes want to “be healthy”, they cover up their pathological conditions in order to continue training. Nurses should therefore be allowed to strive for optimal health in athletes when it comes to periodic health evaluation. Purpose: The aim of the thesis is to describe and present sports medicine in Slovenia and other countries based on scientific and research literature as well as describe periodic health evaluation of athletes. The main focus was placed on periodic health evaluation of athletes to the age of 50 with particular emphasis on injuries associated with body mass index. In the light of the results obtained, we also described the tasks and the role of nurse in periodic health evaluation of athletes. Working methods: We used the descriptive method and provided an overview of foreign and Slovenian scientific and research literature. The literature was gathered between January and November 2017 and reviewed in foreign bibliographic databases, such as CINAHL with Full Text, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and the Union Bibliographic/ Catalogue Database COBIB.SI. Results: Nine researches were found to be relevant for the analysis. We discovered that an increased body mass is associated with an increased number of sports injuries both in recreational and elite athletes. This was confirmed in all but one research. Increased physical activity also increases the possibility of sports injuries. Discussion and conclusion: Because periodic health evaluations minimise the risk of injuries and illnesses in athletes, more attention should be paid not only to elite athletes, but to athletes in other categories as well. Healthcare professionals play an important role in the interdisciplinary team in treating athletes. In addition, nurses should actively carry out health education and establish a relationship of mutual trust with the athlete. However, they should place even greater emphasis on the health of athletes, sports nutrition, and prevention of injuries that may adversely affect the athlete’s health.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, healthcare, prevention, athlete, body mass index