20.500.12556/RUL-96628
Arbitražno reševanje mednarodnih sporov v naftni industriji
Arbitration as a dispute settlement mechanism for international disputes in petroleum industry
Spori v naftni industriji so praktično neizogibni. K temu pripomore povečano število tujih investicij v naftni industriji, še posebej v prvi fazi vrednostne verige naftne industrije – fazi raziskovanja in proizvodnje nafte. Države, na ozemlju katerih se nahajajo ogljikovodiki, se zavedajo pomembnosti, ki jo ima naftna industrija za njihovo gospodarstvo, vendar jim primanjkuje tehničnega in strokovnega znanja za izvedbo naftnih investicijskih projektov. Zaradi tega države v razvoju privabljajo tuje investitorje, ki s sodobno tehnologijo in znanjem investirajo v kompleksne naftne projekte.
Raziskovanje in proizvodnjo ogljikovodikov tako v pretežni meri izvajajo mednarodne naftne družbe. Vendar pa se mednarodna naftna družba sooča s številnimi tveganji. Država kot lastnica ogljikovodikov podeljuje dovoljenja za raziskovanje in proizvodnjo nafte mednarodnim naftnim družbam, vendar jih lahko tudi prekliče. Država kot stranka investicijskega naftnega projekta sklepa naftne pogodbe, vendar jih lahko tudi krši. In ne nazadnje, država kot zakonodajalec lahko nudi pravno in finančno stabilnost, vendar jo lahko tudi poruši, spremeni naftno politiko in s tem pogoje naftnih pogodb.
Arbitraža je zaradi svoje nepristranskosti in fleksibilnosti najprimernejše sredstvo za reševanja sporov v naftni industriji. Mednarodne naftne družbe uveljavljajo kršitev naftnih pogodb in standardov zaščite s strani države gostiteljice pred Mednarodnim centrom za reševanje investicijskih sporov, ki je posebej specializiran forum za investicijske spore.
Disputes in the petroleum industry are practically unavoidable. This is due to the growing number of foreign investments in the petroleum industry, especially in the first stage of the petroleum industry – upstream phase. Countries rich with hydrocarbon resources are aware of the tremendous importance of petroleum industry for their economy but do now possess the appropriate technical knowledge and experiences. Consequently, countries seek for foreign investors, which invest in their countries with their modern technology and experiences.
For this reason, exploration and production of hydrocarbons is mainly carried out by international oil companies, which are specialized in demanding petroleum projects. But a petroleum investment project is far from simply being carried out. The State, as the owner of hydrocarbon resources, grants participation rights to international oil companies, but it can also revoke them. The State, as the contracting party in energy sector, negotiates the terms and performs the investment contract, but it can also breach them. State as the legislator, controls the legal and financial framework in which the contract takes shape, but it can also have the power to change oil policy and the terms of the investment contract.
Due to its impartiality and flexibility, arbitration is the most common means of dispute settlement in the petroleum industry. Various international treaties offer an extensive protection for foreign investment and the possibility to settle their disputes with host state at International Centre for the Settlements of Investment Disputes, forum specifically specialized for investment disputes.
naftna industrija
naftni investicijski projekti
naftne pogodbe
mednarodni naftni spori
arbitražna klavzula
investicijska arbitraža
bilateralni investicijski sporazumi
stabilizacijske klavzule
petroleum industry
petroleum investment projects
petroleum contracts international petroleum disputes
arbitration clause
investment arbitration
bilateral investment treaties
stabilisation clauses
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Slovenski jezik
Angleški jezik
Magistrsko delo/naloga
2017-10-06 07:15:02
2017-10-06 07:15:08
2022-08-12 11:33:45
0000-00-00 00:00:00
2017
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2426.pdf
2426.pdf
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20.500.12556/rul/616e0d4a-5ea9-45df-b908-d71a1f15cb83
https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=105351
Pravna fakulteta
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