20.500.12556/RUL-92563 Gorska mehanizacija v Sloveniji in Švici ter vpliv na nesreče Mountain mechanization effects on accidents in Slovenia and Switzerland Kmetijstvo je v zadnjih 100 letih doživelo velik napredek, zato si današnjega kmetovanja ne predstavljamo brez traktorjev in sodobnih priključkov. Tako Slovenija kot tudi Švica sta prostorsko zelo razgibani državi. Veliki nakloni hitro privedejo do nesreč s traktorji in z ostalimi priključki, zato se vsako leto v obeh državah zgodijo nesreče s smrtnimi izidi. Preprečevanje teh nesreč je ključnega pomena. Za velike naklone standardni traktorji niso primerni, zato uporabljajo predvsem gorske traktorje, gorske transporterje ter eno in dvoosne kosilnice. Vsem tem strojem je skupno to, da imajo nizko težišče, varnostno kabino, varnostni lok, varnostne pasove in sedeže, široke pnevmatike s posebnim profilom, možnost krmiljenja z vsemi štirimi kolesi, ipd. V Švici, kjer pogosto uporabljajo to mehanizacijo, je število nesreč zelo nizko, na drugi strani v Sloveniji, kjer ta vrsta mehanizacije ni tako razširjena, pogosto prihaja do prevračanj in ostalih nesreč s kmetijskimi stroji. Obstajajo trije glavni razlogi za nesreče, in sicer človek, okolje in tehnika. Človeška napaka je povod za nesrečo kar v 80 % primerov, predvsem zaradi napačne ocene situacije in prevelikega zaupanja v lastne sposobnosti. Pod okolje štejemo predvsem talne razmere, kot so razmočenost tal, senčna, sončna lega, naklon … Pri tehniki upoštevamo predvsem opremljenost traktorjev, njihovo namembnost, priključke ter starost. Agriculture has developed rapidly in the last 100 years and we cannot imagine modern farming without a tractor and other agricultural machinery. Both, Slovenia and Switzerland, are full of mountains and hills, and thats why accidents with agricultural machinery happens. Prevention of this events is crucial. Standard tractors are not good for steep inclines. Mountain tractors, mountain transporters, one or two axle harvester, all this machines have several features in common, such as low center of gravity, safety cabin, safety arc, safety belts and sits, very wide tires with a special profile, possibility of turning with all four tires, etc. Mountain mechanization is very spread out in Switzerland and they also have less accidents, due to overrolling with tractors. On the other hand Slovenia has a very poorly spreaded mountain mechanization and has more deadly accidents involving tractors and other agricultural mechanization. There are three key reasons for an accident to happen. First is the human error, which is responsible for 80 % of all accidents, because farmers have to much faith in themselves and their skills. Second is the environment. The main part of the environment is the ground. If it is too wet, shady or sunny, or if the incline is to steep there is a greater chance that something could happen. And the third reason is the mechanization by which we consider the equipemnt of tractors, their function, attachments and age. gorska mehanizacija kmetijska mehanizacija gorske kmetije relief Slovenija Švica homologacija nesreče mountain mechanization agricultural machinery mountain farms relief Slovenia Switzerland homologation accidents true false false [T. Zamljen] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Delo diplomskega projekta/projektno delo 2017-06-14 07:15:27 2017-06-14 07:15:31 2022-08-09 23:34:05 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2017 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 631.371.372:631.11(23)(497.4:494)(043.2) 130775 8736121 458.pdf 458.pdf 1 BEC79C8065D83A2106952381CAA625DE e53e7d02d82ce1b684241e58a6708e86a87b8a845413630c38922115783535ea 142ffded-a1b3-11eb-a523-00155dcfd717 20.500.12556/rul/801dfa30-e823-4ae0-bb71-1a7fe97285c9 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=99342 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0