20.500.12556/RUL-92374 Deformacijska analiza s kinematičnim deformacijskim modelom Deformation analysis with kinematic deformation model Deformacijska analiza je postopek ugotavljanja stabilnosti točk, kar je pri določanju premikov temeljnega pomena. Dobljene vrednosti premikov in deformacij predstavimo z deformacijskim modelom, le-ta pa opisuje najverjetnejši potek deformacije. V preteklosti so klasični postopki obravnavanja deformacij temeljili na kongruenčnem modelu. Z razvojem računalništva, merskih tehnik in algoritmov vrednotenja, pa se je spremenila tudi metoda deformacijske analize, ki poleg osnovne določitve geometrije objekta, vključuje še časovni potek premikov, lahko pa tudi vzroke za njihov nastanek. Osredotočili smo se na kinematični deformacijski model, pri katerem predpostavimo, da je obravnavani objekt nenehno v gibanju. S tem v model vpeljemo tudi časovno komponento. Na začetku dela smo postavili hipotezo, da uporaba kinematičnega deformacijskega modela pri kontrolnih meritvah geotehničnih objektov omogoča obravnavanje geometričnih sprememb objekta s časovnimi funkcijami. Na izbranem objektu, kjer je bilo že opravljenih več terminskih izmer, smo preverili stabilnost referenčnih točk in določili statistično značilne premike kontrolnih točk oziroma določili stabilnost le-teh s kongruenčnim deformacijskim modelom. Obravnavali smo časovni okvir, znotraj katerega so bili na določenih točkah že v preteklosti zaznani konkretnejši premiki. Kinematični deformacijski model izhaja iz skupne izravnave meritev v vseh terminskih izmerah, kjer sta poleg koordinatnih neznank, neznanki še hitrost in pospešek premika. Ker je tak sistem zahteven za izračun, smo izbrali tehniko filtriranja, točneje Kalmanov filter, ki omogoča oceno neznanih količin, v katerih je prisoten šum, kot funkcijo časa in pogrešenih meritev. Gre za algoritem, ki se pogosto uporablja v geodetskem inženirstvu, kjer ni mogoče zagotoviti nadštevilnih meritev. Temelji na določitvi stanja sistema po metodi najmanjših kvadratov, hkrati pa oceni tudi stopnjo zanesljivosti. V sklopu magistrskega dela smo izdelali program za obdelavo kinematičnih meritev s Kalmanovim filtrom za primer diskretnega kinematičnega modela. Testirali smo stabilnost kontrolnih točk ter rezultate prikazali numerično in grafično. Pričakovano je uporabljen pristop ponudil nekatere dodatne informacije (hitrost in pospešek premikov) o stanju obravnavanega objekta v prostoru in času, kar predstavlja alternativni pristop dosedanjemu kongruenčnemu modelu vrednotenja v deformacijski analizi. Deformation analysis is a procedure used for detecting the height of point stability, which plays the main role in determining displacements. The obtained displacement and deformation values are represented by using a deformation model, which describes the most probable deformation course. In the past classic procedures of deformation analysis were based on congruent model. Due to computing, measuring techniques and evaluation algorithm development also the deformation analysis method has changed. Besides basic determination of the object’s geometry it now also includes displacement timeline, as well as potentially the causes for their formation. We focused on kinematic deformation model in which we assumed that the given subject is constantly moving. Using that, we are also able to incorporate time component in the model. At the beginning of the thesis, we set a hypothesis that the use of kinematic deformation model in control measurements of geotechnical objects allows the geometric changes to be considered in connection with time functions. On the chosen object, where several epochs were made, we checked the reference point stability and determined the statistical significance displacements of control points or their stability with the help of congruent deformation model. We were considering the time frame in which severe movements at some points had already been detected before. Kinematic deformation model is based on adjustment of all the observations in all epochs where besides unknown coordinates also speed and acceleration displacements are unknown. Since this kind of system is hard to calculate, we chose a Kalman filter technique, which allows the evaluation of the unknown quantities. These unknown quantities may have some noise, such as time and miscalculated observation function. This kind of algorithm is commonly used in geodetic engineering, where it is not possible to ensure redundant measurements. It is based on the determination of the system condition using the least squares method, but at the same time it also evaluates the reliability degree. As part of the master’s thesis we made a programme for processing kinematic measurements by using the Kalman filter for the case of discreet kinematic model. We tested the stability of control points and displayed the results numerically and graphically. As expected, the used approach offered some additional information (speed and acceleration of the displacements) about the present object’s condition in space and time, which represents an alternative approach to the congruent evaluation model used in deformation analysis so far. deformacijska analiza kinematični deformacijski model horizontalni premiki hitrost premika pospešek premika Kalmanov filter deformation analysis kinematic deformation model horizontal displacements speed of displacement acceleration of displacement Kalman filter true false false [K. Hrvacki] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2017-05-25 07:15:08 2017-05-25 07:15:21 2022-12-01 10:26:00 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2017 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 528.33(043.3) 115578 8078945 407.pdf 407.pdf 1 4DB4ED3076E0D7C15F0E5684C8ABEE30 abaf1390b226a5c49de58c79b3014083e97c610870b37501309b2656fc21e721 0c51b507-a1b3-11eb-a523-00155dcfd717 20.500.12556/rul/d74856d2-754f-4274-80ae-a3f0adeb3e53 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=99117 408.pdf 408.pdf 1 983E8764F2E6C68C84767641DCC77913 f0e869967616fb8ee0d2946a23d1d1ac141d1c721c16ecfa311cef6b6a73f2a0 0c601337-a1b3-11eb-a523-00155dcfd717 20.500.12556/rul/26153a7c-b131-4ef4-85c3-bad103078871 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=99118 409.pdf 409.pdf 1 F753A4FCF9EA659F39C04D4039D43315 ab268930fe3eb518efe1341c3b764aaf00ae05c205896d6117cbc1baab393fb0 0c70301e-a1b3-11eb-a523-00155dcfd717 20.500.12556/rul/51fb1b81-274d-4b30-ae4c-3c5f66b06745 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=99119 410.pdf 410.pdf 1 F71FA5A7A36B9CFD1BEB29344A103225 831828a773c64abcd1e7e92e9ed22c30bff4b87e4d4d2f93626d088e537fad6f 0c834142-a1b3-11eb-a523-00155dcfd717 20.500.12556/rul/574ae4c4-ff0c-4ceb-babb-40af26f7c432 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=99120 411.pdf 411.pdf 1 4D5210540942B42960C12C92B6237E90 5b39cedfe2afcde1b1d0701d16c4be6d930b066b8cc41bceb5db75dbd267425a 0c9197d6-a1b3-11eb-a523-00155dcfd717 20.500.12556/rul/08ef10ba-7bfa-4786-899a-b1efb79a934d https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=99121 Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo 0 0 0