20.500.12556/RUL-191285 Growth of nanotubular flowers using environment-friendly electrolytes and their biomedical applications Plasma-induced electrochemical anodization (PA) is introduced as an alternative strategy for fabricating titanium oxide nanostructures using environmentally benign, chloride-based electrolytes. Unlike conventional anodization methods that rely on metallic cathodes and fluoride-containing acidic electrolytes, the PA approach employs an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ) as the cathode, enabling anodization in aqueous sodium chloride solutions with optional ethylene glycol addition. By adjusting electrolyte composition and processing conditions, hierarchical flower-like microstructures composed of densely packed nanotube-like TiO2 features were obtained. The most uniform and well-defined structures were obtained with 2.5 M NaCl and ethylene glycol. Additional oxygen plasma treatment modified surface chemistry and enhanced wettability without altering surface morphology. Biological evaluation demonstrated that PA-treated surfaces significantly reduced platelet adhesion and activation, decreased Escherichia coli attachment by up to 92%, and promoted endothelial cell adhesion and spreading. Smooth muscle cells also exhibited increased adhesion to modified surfaces; however, their morphology was altered, with reduced spreading and a nonuniform distribution. Overall, the more pronounced response of endothelial cells indicates a favorable trend toward endothelialisation. These findings demonstrate that plasma-induced electrochemical anodization enables the fabrication of titanium surfaces with multifunctional biological performance, combining reduced thrombogenicity and bacterial adhesion with enhanced endothelial response. The use of fluoride-free electrolytes further highlights the potential of this approach for applications in cardiovascular and other blood-contacting biomedical devices. nanotubes electrolyte plasma nanocevke elektrolit plazma true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2026-11-13 13:58:31 2026-11-13 13:58:41 2026-11-14 04:31:07 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 Str. 49085-49095 issue 33 Vol. 11 Apr. 25 2026 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 620.3 2470-1343 10.1021/acsomega.6c00587 305281539 Growth_of_nanotubular_Rawat_et_al_2026.pdf Growth_of_nanotubular_Rawat_et_al_2026.pdf 1 A3767FF0A4A8BA831C115DF40CE5581B 75a944c4a6d51253a248350818926fcea390b5faa536a99f9a067db3abf3cb70 4d40934d-df62-11f1-aea2-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=253340 https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/11/33/49085/5251316/Growth-of-Nanotubular-Flowers-Using-Environment odprt dostop 1 d681d61b-df61-11f1-aea2-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=253339 Fakulteta za elektrotehniko Zdravstvena fakulteta 0 0 0