20.500.12556/RUL-190782 Uporaba porodne žoge pri fiziološkem porodu: pregled literature diplomsko delo Use of the birthing ball in physiological childbirth: literature review diploma work Uvod: Fiziološki porod je naraven način poroda, ki poteka brez večjih medicinskih posegov. Kljub temu pa se lahko pojavijo izzivi, ki zahtevajo podporo. Pomemben del spremljanja fiziološkega poroda je lajšanje porodne bolečine. Ena izmed metod, ki se uporablja, je uporaba porodnih žog, okroglih in arašidovih. Te žoge lahko prispevajo k večji sproščenosti in udobju porodnice ter ji omogočajo gibanje. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil s pregledom strokovne in znanstvene literature preučiti uporabo porodne žoge v povezavi s fiziološkim porodom ter ugotoviti pozitivne učinke uporabe porodne žoge na porodno izkušnjo in izid poroda. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela, ki temelji na sistematičnem pregledu in sintezi strokovne in znanstvene literature. Izvedeno analizo pregleda znanstvene in strokovne literature smo predstavili s pomočjo PRISMA diagrama. Iskanje literature je potekalo v spletnih bazah podatkov od septembra 2025 do marca 2026. Rezultati: V pregled literature smo vključili 17 virov, ki smo jih razvrstili po hierarhiji dokazov. Okrogle in arašidove porodne žoge med porodom prispevajo k zmanjšanju porodne bolečine, pospešujejo napredovanje in lahko skrajšajo samo trajanje poroda. Prav tako prispevajo k izboljšanju materine izkušnje, saj zmanjšajo zaznano bolečino, povečajo udobje in občutek nadzora ter omogočajo večjo aktivno vlogo nosečnic med porodom. Porodna žoga izboljša gibljivost ter tako podpira fiziološki potek poroda. Ugotovitve nakazujejo tudi pozitivne učinke na psihološko počutje, česar pri fiziološkem porodu prav tako ne smemo zanemariti. Porodne žoge namreč višajo stopnjo samozavesti in zadovoljstvo porodnic ter večajo verjetnost spontanega vaginalnega poroda, ne da bi pri tem imele negativne učinke na materine in neonatalne izide. Ob uporabi porodne žoge so porodnice lažje sledile naravnim telesnim občutkom. Razprava in zaključek: Uporaba porodnih žog predstavlja učinkovito nefarmakološko metodo za podporo fiziološkemu porodu, saj spodbuja gibljivost, aktivno vlogo porodnice in naravno napredovanje poroda. Izkazuje se za obetaven pristop k izboljšanju porodne izkušnje, saj zmanjšuje bolečino in povečuje samozavest žensk. Kljub naraščajoči uporabi porodnih žog v porodniški praksi pa je njihova uporaba v kontekstu fiziološkega poroda še vedno premalo raziskana, saj številne raziskave vključujejo medicinske posege, ki otežujejo interpretacijo rezultatov. Vključitev porodnih žog bi lahko pripomogla k večji podpori fiziološkega poroda in zmanjšanju invazivnih medicinskih posegov. Pomembno je, da se babice kontinuirano strokovno izobražujejo in izpopolnjujejo svoje znanje o uporabi porodnih žog ter jih tako vključujejo v klinično prakso. Tako bi se lahko povečalo zadovoljstvo porodnic in izboljšalo izide poroda. Diplomsko delo poudarja pomen spodbujanja uporabe porodnih žog v babiški praksi ter potrebo po nadaljnjih raziskavah, usmerjenih izključno v fiziološki porod brez medicinskih intervencij. Introduction: Physiological birth is a natural way of giving birth that takes place without major medical interventions. However, challenges may arise that require support. An important part of monitoring physiological birth is relieving labour pain. One of the methods used is the use of birth balls, round and peanut-shaped. These balls can contribute to greater relaxation and comfort for the woman in labour and allow her to move. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma thesis was to examine the use of a birth ball in connection with physiological birth by reviewing professional and scientific literature and to determine the positive effects of using a birth ball on the birth experience and birth outcome. Methods: A descriptive work method was used, based on a systematic review and synthesis of professional and scientific literature. The performed analysis of the review of scientific and professional literature was presented using the PRISMA diagram. The literature search was conducted in online databases from September 2025 to March 2026. Results: We included 17 sources in the literature review, which we classified according to the hierarchy of evidence. Round and peanut birthing balls during labour contribute to reducing labour pain, accelerating its progress and may shorten the duration of labour itself. They also contribute to improving the maternal experience, as they reduce perceived pain, increase comfort and a sense of control, and enable a greater active role for pregnant women during labour. The birthing ball improves mobility, thus supporting the physiological course of labour. The findings also indicate positive effects on psychological well-being, which should not be neglected in physiological labour. Birthing balls increase the level of self-confidence and satisfaction of women in labour and increase the likelihood of spontaneous vaginal labour, without having negative effects on maternal and neonatal outcomes. When using the birthing ball, women in labour were able to follow their natural bodily sensations more easily. Discussion and conclusion: The use of birthing balls represents an effective non-pharmacological method for supporting physiological labour, as it promotes mobility, the active role of the woman in labour, and the natural progression of labour. It proves to be a promising approach to improving the labouring experience, as it reduces pain and increases women's self-confidence. Despite the increasing use of birth balls in obstetric practice, their use in the context of physiological birth is still insufficiently researched, as many studies involve medical interventions, which complicates the interpretation of results. The inclusion of birth balls could help to better support physiological birth and reduce invasive medical interventions. It is important that midwives continuously receive professional education and improve their knowledge of the use of birth balls and thus include them in clinical practice. This could increase the satisfaction of women in labour and improve childbirth outcomes. The thesis emphasizes the importance of promoting the use of birth balls in midwifery practice and the need for further research focused exclusively on physiological birth without medical interventions. diplomska dela babištvo fiziološki porod nefarmakološko lajšanje porodne bolečine porodna žoga arašidova žoga diploma theses midwifery physiological birth non-pharmacological pain relief birth ball peanut ball true false false [A. M. Divjak] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-11-04 07:46:07 2026-11-04 07:46:15 2026-11-06 04:29:18 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Ljubljana 0 Ljubljana VIII, 51 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 618.2/.7 171199 303809539 66271.pdf 66271.pdf 1 A49B3672B615103E1654B645104610E5 616612631c990aed6f097d9e074d1d145ebf3d5965c9d7794323b99d36667c5c 5dce3c56-d81b-11f1-aea2-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=252418 Zdravstvena fakulteta 0 0 0