20.500.12556/RUL-189162 Prikrivanje znakov motnje pozornosti in hiperaktivnosti (ADHD) in duševno zdravje pri mladih ženskah z ADHD na prehodu v odraslost magistrsko delo Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom masking and mental health during the transition to adulthood in young women with ADHD Motnja pozornosti in hiperaktivnosti (ADHD) je pri dekletih in ženskah pogosto prepoznana kasneje kot pri fantih in moških, saj se njene značilnosti pogosto izražajo drugače ali jih posameznice zavestno oziroma nezavedno prikrivajo. Uporaba strategij prikrivanja simptomov ADHD, s katerimi posamezniki zmanjšujejo vidnost svojih težav, v zadnjih letih predstavlja novo in pomembno raziskovalno področje. Kljub temu ostaja v primerjavi s prikrivanjem pri osebah z avtistično motnjo še vedno razmeroma slabo raziskana, zlasti pri mladih ženskah. Cilj raziskave je bil preučiti uporabo strategij prikrivanja simptomov ADHD pri mladih ženskah z ADHD na prehodu v odraslost ter empirično preveriti povezanost med uporabo strategij prikrivanja, izraženostjo simptomov ADHD, občutki izčrpanosti in mentalnega napora ter težavami na področju duševnega zdravja. Dodatno smo preverili napovedno vrednost prikrivanja simptomov ADHD za občutke izčrpanosti in mentalnega napora ter samooceno izraženosti stresa. Raziskali smo tudi, ali se uporaba strategij prikrivanja, izraženost simptomov ADHD ter izčrpanost in mentalni napor razlikujejo glede na obdobje postavitve diagnoze ADHD. Raziskava je bila zasnovana kot kvantitativna korelacijska študija. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 63 mladih žensk z uradno diagnozo ADHD, starih med 18 in 29 let. Podatke smo zbirali s spletnim vprašalnikom, ki je vključeval vprašalnik za oceno značilnosti ADHD, vprašalnik za ocenjevanje prikrivanja znakov ADHD, vprašalnik za oceno izčrpanosti in mentalnega napora, povezanih z uporabo strategij prikrivanja, ter vprašalnik DASS-21 za oceno težav na področju duševnega zdravja. Rezultati raziskave kažejo, da mlade ženske z ADHD dosegajo razmeroma visoke rezultate na lestvici prikrivanja simptomov ADHD. Najvišje so ocenjevale strategije, povezane s prikrivanjem nepozornosti, kot so ustvarjanje vtisa zbranosti, prikrivanje izgube pozornosti in prikrivanje »miselnega tavanja«. Med višje ocenjenimi strategijami sta bili tudi trud za organizacijo obveznosti in nadzor govorjenja v socialnih okoliščinah. Višja izraženost uporabe strategij prikrivanja je bila povezana z višjo samooceno izraženosti simptomov ADHD, večjo izčrpanostjo in mentalnim naporom po socialnih in drugih vsakodnevnih situacijah ter z več težavami na področju duševnega zdravja. Statistično značilne pozitivne povezave so bile ugotovljene med uporabo strategij prikrivanja in samooceno izraženosti simptomov depresije, anksioznosti in stresa, pri čemer je bila povezava najmočnejša s stresom. Ugotovili smo, da je večja izraženost značilnosti ADHD povezana z večjo uporabo prikrivanja tudi po kontroli starosti in obdobja postavitve diagnoze. Regresijske analize so pokazale, da je bilo prikrivanje znakov ADHD povezano z izčrpanostjo in mentalnim naporom tudi ob upoštevanju izraženosti simptomov ADHD. Uporaba prikrivanja napoveduje samooceno izraženosti stresa tudi ob upoštevanju izraženosti simptomov ADHD. Zaradi presečne zasnove raziskave teh rezultatov ni mogoče interpretirati kot vzročne povezave. Obdobje postavitve diagnoze ADHD ni bilo povezano z uporabo strategij prikrivanja ter izčrpanostjo in mentalnim naporom. Statistično značilno razliko smo ugotovili pri samooceni izraženosti simptomov ADHD. Udeleženke, ki so diagnozo prejele v odraslosti, so intenzivnost simptomov ADHD ocenjevale višje kot tiste, ki so jo prejele v mladostništvu. Ugotovitve raziskave prispevajo k boljšemu razumevanju uporabe strategij prikrivanja simptomov ADHD pri mladih ženskah ter njihovih povezav s psihološko obremenjenostjo. Ugotovitve opozarjajo na pomen zgodnejšega prepoznavanja ADHD pri dekletih in mladih ženskah ter razvoja oblik podpore, ki bi lahko zmanjšale potrebo po prikrivanju in prispevale k boljšemu duševnemu zdravju. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often identified later in girls and women than in boys and men, as its characteristics may present differently or be consciously or unconsciously concealed. The use of ADHD camouflaging strategies, through which individuals reduce the visibility of their difficulties, has emerged in recent years as an important area of research. Nevertheless, compared with research on camouflaging among individuals with autism spectrum disorder, ADHD camouflaging remains relatively underexplored, particularly among young women. The aim of the present study was to examine the use of ADHD camouflaging strategies among young women with ADHD during the transition to adulthood, and to empirically investigate the associations between camouflaging, ADHD symptom severity, feelings of exhaustion and mental effort, and mental health difficulties. In addition, the predictive value of ADHD camouflaging for self-reported stress severity was examined, as well as whether the use of camouflaging strategies differed according to the developmental period in which the ADHD diagnosis was received. The study employed a quantitative correlational design. The sample comprised 63 young women with a formal ADHD diagnosis, aged between 18 and 29 years. Data were collected using an online questionnaire that included a measure of ADHD characteristics, a measure of ADHD camouflaging, a questionnaire assessing exhaustion and mental effort associated with the use of camouflaging strategies, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) to assess mental health difficulties. The results indicate that young women with ADHD score relatively highly on the ADHD symptom camouflaging scale. The most highly frequently endorsed strategies were related to concealing inattention, including creating the impression of being attentive, concealing lapses in attention, and hiding mind-wandering. Other highly frequently endorsed strategies included making an effort to organise responsibilities and monitoring speech in social situations. Greater use of camouflaging strategies was associated with higher self-reported ADHD symptom severity, greater exhaustion and mental effort following social and other everyday situations, and more pronounced mental health difficulties. Statistically significant positive associations were found between camouflaging and self-reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, with the strongest association observed for stress. Greater ADHD symptom severity was also associated with more extensive use of camouflaging strategies after controlling for age and the developmental period in which the diagnosis was received. Regression analyses showed that ADHD symptom camouflaging was associated with exhaustion and mental effort, even after accounting for ADHD symptom severity. Camouflaging also predicted self-reported stress severity after controlling for ADHD symptom severity. Because of the cross-sectional design of the study, these findings cannot be interpreted as evidence of causal relationships. The developmental period in which the ADHD diagnosis was received was not associated with the use of camouflaging strategies, exhaustion, or mental effort. A statistically significant difference was found in self-reported ADHD symptom severity: participants who received their diagnosis in adulthood reported higher ADHD symptom severity than those diagnosed during adolescence. The findings contribute to a better understanding of ADHD camouflaging among young women and its associations with psychological burden. They highlight the importance of earlier identification of ADHD in girls and young women, as well as the development of support that may reduce the need for camouflaging and improve mental health outcomes. motnja pozornosti in hiperaktivnosti (ADHD) ženske z ADHD prikrivanje duševno zdravje prehod v odraslost attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) women with ADHD masking mental health transition to adulthood true false false P. Zakonšek Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2026-10-02 08:31:16 2026-10-02 08:31:20 2026-10-08 04:27:00 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Ljubljana 0 Ljubljana 130 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 616.89-008.47(043.2) 217834 293556483 MAG_Zakonsek_Pika_2026.pdf MAG_Zakonsek_Pika_2026.pdf 1 7949F048864D8D433FA1C7025FECA240 0366022fcb862ec7dacc9e02c1b42ad50776e0dc357c324e803bd824fd1c2091 d6591407-c213-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=249952 Pedagoška fakulteta 0 0 0