20.500.12556/RUL-188381 Ukinitev in odprava rodbinskih fideikomisov na Slovenskem The Abolition and the Dissolution of the Hereditary Fideicommissum in the Slovenian Lands Ukinitev rodbinskega fideikomisa je rezultat prizadevanj jugoslovanske države, da prekine fevdalno preteklost Avstro-Ogrske. Fideikomis je institut z rimskim izvorom, ki so ga oporočitelji prvotno uporabljali za obid dednopravnih pravil o pasivni oporočni sposobnosti. Od 17. stoletja dalje je plemstvo z rodbinskim fideikomisom ohranjalo premoženje znotraj rodbine in si tako zagotavljalo rodbinski ugled (splendor familiae). Institut je bil pomemben del stanovske ureditve. Fideikomis je na Slovenskem leta 1921 ukinila Vidovdanska ustava, vendar ni določila načina odprave fideikomisnih razmerij, natančneje delitve premoženja med fiduciarja in fideikomisarja. Zaradi odsotnosti napotkov so jugoslovanska sodišča posameznih pravnih območij ustavno določbo o ukinitvi različno interpretirala. Leta 1934 je bil sprejet Zakon o odpravi rodbinskih fideikomisov, ki je na fideikomisnem premoženju določil solastnino fiduciarja in fideikomisarja. Glavni razlogi za ukinitev instituta so njegova povezava s plemstvom, ki je veljalo za »tuj element« v jugoslovanski državi; negativen vpliv fideikomisov na gospodarstvo in nezdružljivost fevdalnega koncepta deljene lastninske pravice (dominium directum et utile) s pravnim redom nove države. The abolition of fideicommissum is a result of efforts of the Yugoslav state to eradicate the institutions of the feudal past of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Fideicommissum, originating in Roman law, was initially utilized by testators to circumvent the rules of inheritance law on passive testamentary capacity. From 17th century onwards, the nobility through the use of the hereditary fideicommissum retained the property within the members of the family and thus preserved the family prestige (splendor familiae). As such, the fideicommissum had a major role in feudal society. The St. Vitus Day Constitution of 1921 abolished the fideicommissum for the territory of present-day Slovenia. However, the Constitution did not provide for the dissolution of the fideicommisary relations, specifically for the division of property among the fiduciary and the beneficiary. As a consequence, the interpretation of the courts of different Yugoslav civil jurisdictions varied, leading to divergence in case law. The Abolition of Hereditary Fideicommissum Act, adopted in 1934, converted the »vinculated« property into property of the fiduciary and the first beneficiary. Three main arguments for abolishing the fideicommissum are identified – its connection to nobility, understood as a foreign element in the newfound Yugoslav state, its negative impact on economy, and the incompatibility of the feudal double domain (dominium directum et utile) with the principles of the new legal system of the state. fideikomis Vidovdanska ustava Zakon o odpravi rodbinskih fideikomisov vezana lastnina splendor familiae plemstvo deljena lastnina ODZ Kraljevina Jugoslavija fideicommissum St. Vitus Day Constitution Abolition of Hereditary Fideicommissum Act vinculated property splendor familiae nobility double domain ABGB Kingdom of Yugoslavia true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2026-09-22 09:00:25 2026-09-22 09:00:31 2026-09-23 04:08:51 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 1970-01-01 142974 30175.pdf 30175.pdf 1 B12FE93EAE3010412A2E29B849D6558B fcbba80229d8e2a7113ea4fd8ac9fbb9d4fff29645516c68959858ecb09b567e 3c77ed0e-b653-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=248500 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0