20.500.12556/RUL-188328 Glasovne težave in poznavanje skrbi za glas pri otrocih, ki pojejo v šolskih pevskih zborih Voice Problems and Awareness of Vocal Health among Children Singing in School Choirs Slovenija je država z bogato zborovsko tradicijo, kjer je zborovska dejavnost tudi sistemsko podprta. Otroci se velikokrat že v vrtcu, še pogosteje pa v osnovni šoli srečajo s šolskim pevskim zborom. Petje v otroštvu prispeva k razvoju glasbenih, socialnih in čustvenih spretnosti, vendar so lahko otroški glasovi izpostavljeni tudi prekomerni obremenitvi, zlasti če nista zagotovljena ustrezno glasovno vodenje in pravilna skrb za glas. Raziskave iz tujine kažejo na neenotne rezultate glede pozitivnih oziroma negativnih vplivov na glas, medtem ko to področje v Sloveniji še ni bilo natančno preučeno. V teoretičnem delu opredelimo glas in opišemo njegov nastanek ter spremembe glasu, zlasti v obdobju otroštva in mladostništva. Predstavimo značilnosti petega glasu, podrobneje opišemo zborovsko petje in poudarimo pomen zborovstva na Slovenskem, sploh v sistemu vzgoje in izobraževanja. Nato opredelimo pomen zborovskega petja za posameznika in vpliv na glasovne zmožnosti. Nadaljujemo z opredelitvijo glasovnih motenj in raziščemo, kakšen je vpliv zborovskega petja na glas ter glasovne težave otrok in mladostnikov. Izpostavimo pomen ustrezne vokalne tehnike in upevanja, predvsem pa vlogo zborovodje pri delu z mladimi pevci. Nazadnje opišemo glasovno higieno in načela pravilne skrbi za glas ter navedemo dosedanje ugotovitve o poznavanju skrbi za glas med pevci. Namen in cilj naše raziskave je raziskati glasovne težave pri otrocih, ki pojejo v šolskih pevskih zborih, ter njihovo poznavanje skrbi za glas, dobljene rezultate pa primerjati z rezultati njihovih vrstnikov, ki v zborih ne pojejo. V empiričnem delu smo tako s pomočjo treh vprašalnikov (VHI 9i, sVHI-10 in vprašalnik o poznavanju skrbi za glas) ugotavljali, kako pogosto otroci doživljajo glasovne težave v govoru in pri petju, koliko jih ovirajo ter v kolikšni meri poznajo načela ustrezne skrbi za glas. Dodatno smo pridobili samoocene otrok o pogostosti hripavosti in glasovnih ter govornih navadah, ocene zborovodkinje ter ocene glasu v spontanem govoru s strani študentke logopedije in strokovnjakinje foniatrinje, ki smo jih uporabili za podrobnejšo analizo. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 110 otrok od 3. do 9. razreda. Rezultati so pokazali, da otroci, ki pojejo, v povprečju manj pogosto doživljajo oviranost zaradi glasovnih težav pri petju kot nepevci. Razlike v oviranosti zaradi glasovnih težavah v govoru med skupinama niso bile statistično značilne. Strokovne perceptivne ocene glasu so pokazale, da so bili otroci pevci v povprečju ocenjeni tudi kot manj hripavi. Ugotovili smo statistično značilno pozitivno povezavo med leti petja v šolskem pevskem zboru in pogostostjo oviranosti zaradi glasovnih težav pri petju. Pevci so dosegli tudi boljše rezultate na testu poznavanja skrbi za glas kot nepevci, pri čemer smo statistično značilne pozitivne povezave zabeležili med starostjo, leti petja v šolskem pevskem zboru in obiskovanjem drugega zbora izven šole ter poznavanjem skrbi za glas. Med poznavanjem skrbi za glas in pogostostjo glasovnih težav ni bila ugotovljena statistično značilna povezava. Rezultati naše raziskave so potrdili, da otroke, ki pojejo v šolskih pevskih zborih, glasovne težave manj pogosto ovirajo v vsakdanjem življenju. Poleg tega bolje poznajo načela ustrezne skrbi za glas kot nepevci, saj prejmejo več informacij o glasovni higieni predvsem od zborovodij. Potrdili smo torej, da ima lahko sodelovanje v šolskem pevskem zboru pozitiven vpliv na glasovno zdravje otrok, hkrati pa so rezultati razkrili potrebo po sistematičnem pristopu h glasovni preventivi in izobraževanju. Slovenia has a rich choral tradition, and choral singing is systematically supported within the educational system. Many children encounter choral singing already in preschool and, even more commonly, through school choirs during primary education. Singing in childhood contributes to the development of musical, social, and emotional skills. However, children's voice may also be exposed to excessive vocal load, particularly when appropriate vocal guidance and proper vocal care are not provided. International studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the beneficial and adverse effects of choir singing on vocal health, while this topic has not yet been thoroughly investigated in Slovenia. The theoretical part of this thesis defines the concept of voice and describes its production as well as developmental changes that occur during childhood and adolescence. It presents the characteristics of the singing voice and provides a more detailed overview of choral singing, highlighting the importance of the choral tradition in Slovenia, particularly within the education system. Furthermore, it discusses the significance of choral singing for the individual and its influence on vocal abilities. The thesis then defines voice disorders and reviews the existing evidence on the impact of choral singing on the voice and vocal problems in children and adolescents. Particular attention is given to the importance of proper vocal technique and vocal warm-up, as well as to the role of the choir conductor in working with young singers. Finally, the concept of vocal hygiene and the principles of appropriate vocal care are presented, together with a review of previous findings on singers’ knowledge of vocal care. The aim of this study is to investigate vocal problems in children who sing in school choirs and to assess their knowledge of vocal care, comparing the findings with those of their peers who do not participate in school choirs. The empirical part of the study employed three questionnaires (the VHI-9i, the sVHI-10 and a questionnaire assessing knowledge of vocal care) to examine the frequency of the vocal problems in speaking and singing, the extent to which these difficulties interfere with their daily life, as well as children’s knowledge of appropriate vocal care. In addition, children’s self-ratings of hoarseness and their vocal and speech habits, choir conductor ratings, and perceptual voice assessments of spontaneous speech performed independently by a speech and language therapy student and a phoniatric specialist are collected and included in the analysis. The study included 110 children attending the 3rd to the 9th grades of primary school. The results showed that, on average, children who sing in school choirs experience less interference due to vocal difficulties while singing than their non-singing peers. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups regarding vocal problems in speaking. Expert perceptual voice assessments also indicated that choir singers were, on average, less hoarse than non-singers. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the number of years of participation in a school choir and the frequency of singing-related vocal problems. Choir singers achieved higher scores on the vocal care knowledge questionnaire than non-singers. Furthermore, statistically significant positive correlations were found between age, years of participation in a school choir, participation in an additional choir outside school, and knowledge of vocal care. No statistically significant association was found between knowledge of vocal care and the frequency of vocal problems. The results of our study confirmed that children who sing in school choirs experience less interference from vocal difficulties in their everyday lives. In addition, they have better knowledge of the principles of appropriate voice care than non-singers, as they receive more information about vocal hygiene, particularly from choir conductors. We therefore confirmed that participation in a school choir may have a positive effect on children's vocal health. At the same time, the results revealed the need for systematic approach to vocal prevention and education. glas petje šolski pevski zbor glasovne težave glasovna oviranost skrb za glas voice singing school choir voice problems voice disorders vocal health true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2026-09-20 08:30:14 2026-09-20 08:30:18 2026-09-21 04:28:23 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 1970-01-01 210897 54395.pdf 54395.pdf 1 0FD4AB11621C8BAB12F153E5CE43C7F9 e5eac428899122b1e899796fd407c7d05c7a10bd0128690a4e98cbe60001a7b7 b06fc23c-b4bc-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=248361 Pedagoška fakulteta 0 0 0