20.500.12556/RUL-188322 Nefarmakološki pristopi k ponavljajočim se okužbam sečil pri ženskah diplomsko delo Non-pharmacological approaches to recurrent urinary tract infections in women diploma work Uvod: O ponavljajočih se okužbah sečil govorimo pri pojavu vsaj treh okužb letno ali vsaj dveh v preteklih šestih mesecih, potrjenih z urinokulturo. Zaradi nenadnega in bolečega poteka ter pogostih ponovitev predstavljajo psihološko, klinično in socio-ekonomsko breme. Prva izbira pri zdravljenju so antibiotiki, a je zaradi številnih neželenih učinkov in nevarnosti razvoja antibiotične rezistence vedno večje število raziskav usmerjeno na preučevanje nefarmakoloških pristopov. Namen: Raziskati nefarmakološke pristope k preprečevanju ponavljajočih se okužb sečil pri ženskah ter opredeliti vlogo medicinske sestre pri uporabi teh pristopov, zdravstveni vzgoji in celostni obravnavi žensk s ponavljajočimi se okužbami sečil. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo ter pregledali strokovno in znanstveno literaturo v angleškem jeziku, objavljeno v zadnjih deset let. Iskanje je potekalo od aprila 2025 do julija 2026 v podatkovnih bazah CINAHL Ultimate in Cochrane Library, v iskalniku PubMed ter po referenčnih seznamih že identificirane literature. V končni pregled je bilo vključenih 16 raziskav. Rezultati: Vsi obravnavani nefarmakološki pristopi so se izkazali kot varni za uporabo, a učinkovitosti le-teh ni bilo mogoče zagotoviti zaradi pomanjkanja sodobnejših, metodološko visoko kakovostnih raziskav z večjimi vzorci udeleženk. Najbolj dosleden zaščitni učinek so pokazale brusnice, medtem ko so bili rezultati raziskav, ki so preučevale D-manozo, precej neenotni. Tudi probiotiki so pokazali obetavne rezultate, vendar so naše ugotovitve temeljile na eni sami raziskavi. Akupunktura se je izkazala kot pristop, ki bi lahko bil učinkovit ob dolgoročnem izvajanju. Pristopi, kot so povečan vnos tekočin in higienske ter vedenjske navade, se sicer niso pokazali kot zelo učinkoviti, a se uporaba le-teh svetuje v vsakdanjem življenju, saj so varni in preprosti za izvedbo. Izobraževanje pacientk izboljša njihovo znanje in vedenje, kar pozitivno vpliva na zmanjšanje ponovitev okužb, v praksi pa ga izvajajo tudi medicinske sestre. Razprava in zaključek: Kateri nefarmakološki pristop je najprimernejši, je odvisno od značilnosti in želja posameznice. Za uspešno preprečevanje ponovitev je ključnega pomena ustrezno znanje tako zdravstvenih delavcev kot tudi pacientk. Medicinska sestra ima pomembno vlogo pri izobraževanju, svetovanju in podpori pacientkam, vendar je njena vloga pri tej problematiki v literaturi obravnavana bolj posredno, kar kaže na potrebo po nadaljnjih raziskavah na tem področju. Introduction: Recurrent urinary tract infections are defined as the occurrence of at least three infections per year or at least two in the last six months, confirmed by urine culture. Due to their sudden and painful course and frequent recurrence, they represent a psychological, clinical and socio-economic burden. Antibiotics are the first-line treatment, but due to numerous adverse effects and the risk of developing antibiotic resistance, an increasing number of studies are focusing on non-pharmacological alternatives. Purpose: To explore non-pharmacological approaches to the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections in women and to define the role of nurses in the use of these approaches, health education and the comprehensive care of women with recurrent urinary tract infections. Methods: We used a descriptive method and reviewed professional and scientific literature in English, published within the last ten years. The search was conducted from April 2025 to July 2026 in the CINAHL Ultimate and Cochrane Library databases, the PubMed search engine, and through the reference lists of already identified literature. A total of 16 studies were included in the final review. Results: All of the non-pharmacological approaches reviewed proved safe to use, but their effectiveness could not be confirmed due to a lack of more recent, methodologically high-quality studies with larger sample sizes. Cranberries showed the most consistent protective effect, whereas the results of studies examining D-mannose were quite inconsistent. Probiotics also showed promising results, although our findings were based on a single study. Acupuncture proved to be an approach that could be effective with long-term use. Approaches such as increased fluid intake and appropriate hygiene and behavioural habits did not prove to be highly effective, but their use is nevertheless recommended in everyday life, as they are safe and simple to implement. Patient education improves patients' knowledge and behaviour, which positively affects the reduction of recurrences, and in practice it is also carried out by nurses. Discussion and conclusion: Which non-pharmacological approach is most appropriate depends on the individual characteristics and preferences of each woman. Adequate knowledge, among both healthcare professionals and patients, is essential for successful prevention of recurrences. Nurses play an important role in patient education, counselling and support, although their role in this area is addressed more indirectly in the literature, indicating a need for further research on this topic. diplomska dela zdravstvena nega komplementarno zdravljenje antibiotična rezistenca medicinske sestre zdravstvena vzgoja preventiva diploma theses nursing care complementary treatment antibiotic resistance nurses health education prevention true false false [V. Čuk] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-09-20 07:45:59 2026-09-20 07:46:06 2026-09-22 10:39:00 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Ljubljana 0 Ljubljana IX, 34 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 616-083 165522 291956739 65095.pdf 65095.pdf 1 E5CB558BD52C8260995CF106EF0CC036 fb4bb126ffee1056bd5b050cb55342efb3f89b88383cfd43e13a52daeb188e6a 8403bc21-b4b6-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=248355 Zdravstvena fakulteta 0 0 0