20.500.12556/RUL-188267 Vpliv tehnoloških ukrepov na diferenciacijo cvetnih brstov pri jablani (Malus domestica) Effect of orchard management practices on flower bud differentiation in apple trees (Malus domestica) Diferenciacija cvetnih brstov pri jablani je pomemben proces, ki vpliva na rodnost jablane. Namen diplomskega dela je bil na podlagi pregleda objavljene literature proučiti vpliv različnih tehnoloških ukrepov na indukcijo, iniciacijo in diferenciacijo cvetnih brstov pri jablani ter opredeliti dejavnike, ki vplivajo na njihov nastanek in razvoj. Obravnavani so bili vplivi izbire podlage, gostote sajenja, zimske in poletne rezi, redčenja plodov, gnojenja, namakanja ter uporabe regulatorjev rasti. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da sta nastanek in razvoj cvetnih brstov odvisna od medsebojnega delovanja genetskih, okoljskih, hormonskih in prehranskih dejavnikov. Med tehnološkimi ukrepi imajo pomembno vlogo predvsem tisti, ki uravnavajo razmerje med vegetativno rastjo in generativnim razvojem ter obremenitev drevesa s plodovi. Šibkejše podlage praviloma spodbujajo zgodnejši prehod v generativni razvoj, medtem ko ustrezna rez in upogibanje vej izboljšujeta svetlobne razmere ter zmanjšujeta prekomerno vegetativno rast. Zgodnejše redčenje plodov zmanjšuje njihov zaviralni vpliv na nastanek cvetnih brstov in spodbuja povratno cvetenje. Učinek gnojenja, namakanja in regulatorjev rasti je odvisen od odmerka, časa uporabe, sorte in rastnih razmer. Za uspešno uravnavanje rodnosti je zato ključno pravočasno in usklajeno izvajanje tehnoloških ukrepov v obdobju, ko je na nastanek cvetnih brstov še mogoče vplivati. Flower bud differentiation in apple trees is an important process that influences fruiting. The aim of this thesis was to investigate, based on literature review, the effects of different orchard management practices on flower bud induction, initiation and differentiation in apple trees and to identify the factors influencing their formation and development. The effects of rootstock selection, planting density, winter and summer pruning, fruit thinning, fertilization, irrigation, and the use of growth regulators were reviewed. The findings show that flower bud formation and development depend on genetic, environmental, hormonal and nutritional factors. Among orchard management practices, those regulating the balance between vegetative growth and reproductive development and controlling crop load are particularly important. Dwarfing rootstocks generally promote an earlier transition to generative development, while appropriate pruning and branch bending reduce excessive vegetative growth and improve light conditions within the canopy. Early fruit thinning reduces the inhibitory effect of developing fruit on flower bud formation and promotes return bloom. The effects of fertilization, irrigation and growth regulators depend on application rate, timing, cultivar and growing conditions. Successful regulation of fruiting requires the timely and coordinated application of orchard management practices during the period of flower bud induction and initiation, when flower bud formation can still be influenced. jablana cvetna indukcija cvetna iniciacija diferenciacija cvetnih brstov izmenična rodnost tehnološki ukrepi povratno cvetenje apple tree flower bud induction flower bud initiation flower bud differentiation alternate bearing orchard management practices return bloom true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-09-20 07:18:24 2026-09-20 07:18:29 2026-09-23 14:01:04 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 290322 292217091 62990.pdf 62990.pdf 1 C1B1FA13EB1A62396DFF4733A5D1370E eb42ce468135594c82bc17e98792925836dad9b98d3e1c0902d46dcc10a298d2 aa572581-b4b2-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=248297 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0