20.500.12556/RUL-188264 Ukrepi za blaženje vročinskega stresa v čredah krav molznic diplomsko delo Measures to mitigate heat stress in dairy cow herds B. Sc. thesis Vročinski stres predstavlja enega ključnih izzivov v sodobni reji krav molznic. Visoke temperature in visoka relativna vlažnost zraka negativno vplivata na zdravstveno stanje, počutje in proizvodne parametre živali. V diplomskem delu obravnavamo fiziološke in vedenjske odzive krav na vročinski stres ter posledice, ki se odražajo v zmanjšani konzumaciji krme, padcu mlečnosti, poslabšanju sestave mleka, pojavu acidoze vampa, laminitisa, mastitisa ter reprodukcijskih težav. Za zmanjšanje negativnih učinkov vročinskega stresa so v praksi na voljo različni ukrepi. Tehnološki ukrepi vključujejo ustrezno gradnjo in naravno prezračevanje hlevov, uporabo ventilatorjev, škropilnikov za hlajenje, senčenje ter namestitev vodnih postelj. Prehranski ukrepi vključujejo prilagoditev krmnih obrokov z energetsko bogatejšo krmo, dodajanjem puferjev (soda bikarbona), maščob ter vitaminov B in E ob ustreznem času krmljenja. Genetski ukrepi temeljijo na odbiri živali z večjo toplotno toleranco in vključevanjem specifičnih genov, kot je gen slick. Za pravočasno ukrepanje je bistveno tudi stalno spremljanje parametrov mikroklime z uporabo okoljskih kazalnikov (temperatura, vlaga, THI), spremljanjem frekvence dihanja živali preko nosljivih senzorjev, infrardeče termografije ter merjenjem telesne temperature živali v čredi. Heat stress represents one of the key challenges in modern dairy cattle farming. High ambient temperatures combined with high relative humidity adversely affect the health, welfare, and productive performance of dairy cows. His thesis examines the physiological and behavioural responses of cows to heat stress and its consequences, including reduced feed intake, decreased milk yield, changes in milk composition, and an increased risk of ruminal acidosis, laminitis, mastitis, and reproductive disorders. Various measures are available in practice to mitigate the negative effects of heat stress. Technological measures include appropriate barn design and natural ventilation, the use of fans and sprinkler cooling systems, the provision of shade, and the installation of waterbeds. Nutritional strategies include adjusting diets by increasing their energy density and supplementing them with buffers, such as sodium bicarbonate, fats, and vitamins B and E, while also adapting feeding times. Genetic strategies are based on selecting animals with greater heat tolerance and incorporating specific genes, such as the slick gene, into breeding programmes. Continuous monitoring is also essential for timely intervention. This can be achieved by monitoring microclimatic conditions using environmental indicators, such as ambient temperature, relative humidity, and the temperature–humidity index (THI), as well as by monitoring animals’ respiratory rate using wearable sensors, applying infrared thermography, and measuring the body temperature of animals within the herd. govedo krave molznice vročinski stres ukrepi diplomska dela cattle dairy cows heat stress measures true false false R. Berginc Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-09-20 07:18:04 2026-09-20 07:18:11 2026-09-29 14:44:05 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Ljubljana 2026 Ljubljana 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (IX, [26] str.)) 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 636.2(043.2) 290320 292963587 63559.pdf 63559.pdf 1 6DA4A8D6A038BF02AF51F73535EDEE59 251d8ac84b7b3474dd04be0923448a534035cdbbc9ce8fd275d194a9e341a22c 9d666cc3-b4b2-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=248293 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0