20.500.12556/RUL-188205 Možnost gojenja pistacije (Pistacia vera) v Sloveniji Possibility of growing pistachio (Pistacia vera) in Slovenia Pistacija (Pistacia vera L.) je ena najstarejših kultiviranih sadnih vrst. Raste v subtropskem in zmernem podnebju in je ena pomembnejših kmetijskih vrst v številnih državah, kot so ZDA, Iran in Turčija ter države Bližnjega vzhoda. Pistacija dobro prenaša sušo, vendar za doseganje velikega in kakovostnega pridelka potrebuje ustrezno oskrbo z vodo, zlasti v obdobju razvoja jedrc, ter dobro odcedna tla. Za premagovanje dormance in cvetenje potrebuje med 500 in 1000 ur temperatur med 0 °C in 7,2 °C. Je rastlina, ki je temperaturno tolerantna, saj prenese od -20 °C do 50 °C, najbolj pa ji ugajajo vroča in suha poletja ter zmerno hladne zime. Optimalna temperatura za rast je med 25 °C in 35 °C. Pistacija zahteva neposredno in celodnevno sončno svetlobo, ter tla, kjer ne zastaja voda in kjer je podtalnica vsaj 1,5 m globoko. Uspeva na različnih tipih tal, najbolj ji ustrezajo peščeno ilovnata tla. Čeprav je pistacija tipična kultura sušnih in polsušnih območij s slanimi tlemi, številne raziskave kažejo, da slanostni stres zavira njeno rast in razvoj zaradi zmanjšane fotosinteze, dihanja, sinteze beljakovin ter posledično manjše tvorbe biomase, zlasti pri občutljivejših sortah. Optimalen pH tal je med 6,5 in 7,5. V Sloveniji smo glede na količino letnih padavin in povprečne temperature raziskali šest potencialnih sadjarskih lokacij za gojenje pistacije. Med obravnavanimi lokacijami sta glede na razpoložljive temperaturne in padavinske podatke najbolj obetavni lokaciji z meteorološkima postajama Bilje in Letališče Portorož. Nismo naredili izračuna akumulacije zimskega hladu in toplote v rastni dobi, niti analize vodne bilance in presoje talnih razmer, zato primernosti lokacij za gojenje pistacije ni mogoče dokončno potrditi. Pistachio (Pistacia vera) is one of the oldest cultivated fruit species and grows in subtropical and temperate climates. It is one of the most important agricultural crops in several countries, including the United States, Iran, Türkiye, and countries in the Middle East. Although pistachio is drought tolerant, an adequate water supply, particularly during kernel development, and well drained soil are required to achieve high and good quality yields.To break dormancy and ensure proper flowering, pistachio requires 500 to 1,000 chilling hours at temperatures between 0 °C and 7.2 °C. It is highly tolerant of temperature extremes, surviving temperatures from –20 °C to 50 °C, although it performs best in hot, dry summers and cool winters. The optimal temperature for growth is between 25 °C and 35 °C. Pistachio requires full sunlight and well drained soils with a deep groundwater table (at least 1.5 m below the surface). It can grow on various soil types, although sandy loam soils are considered the most suitable. Although pistachio is a typical crop of arid and semi-arid regions with saline soils, numerous studies have shown that salt stress inhibits its growth and development by reducing photosynthesis, respiration, protein synthesis, and consequently biomass production, particularly in more sensitive cultivars. The optimal soil pH ranges from 6.5 to 7.5. In Slovenia, six potential locations for pistachio cultivation were evaluated based on average air temperatures and precipitation. Among this locations, Bilje and Portorož appeared the most promising, however, their suitability cannot be confirmed without assessing winter chill, growing season heat accumulation, water balance, and soil conditions, which we did not do. Pistacija Pistacia vera gojenje Slovenija Pistachio Pistacia vera Slovenia cultivation true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-09-19 08:16:24 2026-09-19 08:16:27 2026-09-21 14:13:57 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 290067 291857923 61999.pdf 61999.pdf 1 60602468AF80254AAE9224359B80E505 6806c97b85182b5f23d57eeda21eeb37e257cc8041979f22037f1257f6484e13 975fad42-b3f1-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=248234 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0