20.500.12556/RUL-187879 Vpliv okoljskih in tehnoloških dejavnikov na stabilnost rudninskih snovi in vitaminov v postopkih priprave krmnih mešanic diplomsko delo The impact of enviromental and technological factors on the stability of minerals and vitamins during feed mixture processing B. Sc. thesis Vitamine in rudninske snovi uvrščamo med esencialne hranljive snovi. V prehrani imajo pomembno vlogo pri ohranjanju zdravja, delovanju imunskega sistema, uravnavanju presnovnih procesov, reprodukciji ter razvoju in obnovi telesnih tkiv. Vitamine in rudninske snovi najpogosteje dodajamo v obliki premiksov oziroma vitaminsko rudninskih dodatkov v obrok živali. Prednost uporabe premiksov je enakomerna porazdelitv mikrohranil v krmni mešanici, slabost pa je, da v premiksih prihaja do interakcij med sestavinami, kar lahko zmanjša stabilnost vitaminov in rudninskih snovi ter pospeši oksidacijske procese. To lahko omejimo z uporabo naravnih in sintetičnih antioksidantov. Na stabilnost vitaminov in rudninskih snovi v krmni mešanici vplivajo tudi okoljski dejavniki, kot so vlaga, temperatura in izpostavljenost svetlobi ter zraku, ki lahko pospešujejo njihovo razgradnjo. Stabilnost vitaminov lahko dodatno zmanjšata prisotnost holin klorida ter nekaterih rudnin, kot sta cink in baker, ki sodelujeta v oksidacijsko-redukcijskih reakcijah. Na stabilnost pomembno vplivajo tudi tehnološki postopki, kot sta peletiranje in ekstrudiranje. Na podlagi pregleda literature ugotavljamo, da je mogoče izgube vitaminov zmanjšati z uporabo mikroenkapsuliranih vitaminov, organsko vezanih oblik rudninskih snovi, antioksidantov ter z zmanjšanjem trajanja skladiščenja in uporabo predhodno pripravljenih premiksov. Ustrezna izbira premiksov, tehnoloških postopkov in pogojev skladiščenja je ključnega pomena za ohranjanje stabilnosti vitaminov in rudninskih snovi v krmnih mešanicah ter zagotavljanje visoke hranilne vrednosti krmnih mešanic. Vitamins and minerals are classified as essential nutrients. They play a vital role in maintaining health, supporting function, regulating metabolic processes, enabling reproduction, and ensuring the development and repair of body tissues. They are most commonly added to feed mixtures as premixes or vitamin and mineral supplements. The advantage of using premixes is that they ensure a uniform distribution of micronutrients within the feed; however, a disadvantage is the potential for interactions between ingredients within the premix, which can reduce the stability of vitamins and minerals and accelerate oxidation. These effects can be mitigated through the use of natural and synthetic antioxidants. The stability of vitamins and minerals in the feed is also influenced by environmental factors such as moisture, temperature, the presence of air, and exposure to light, which can accelerate their degradation. Vitamin stability can be further compromised by the presence of choline chloride and certain minerals, such as zinc and copper, which participate in redox reactions. Processing methods such as pelleting and extrusion also significantly affect stability. However, a review of the literature indicates that vitamin losses can be decreased by using microencapsulated vitamins, organically bound minerals, and antioxidants, as well as by reducing storage times and minimizing the use of pre-prepared premixes. Selecting the appropriate premix composition, processing methods, and storage conditions is crucial for maintaining the stability of vitamins and minerals in feed and ensuring their high nutritional value. rudninske snovi vitamini krmne mešanice stabilnost diplomska dela minerals vitamins compound feed stability true false false T. Kastelic Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-09-16 07:17:44 2026-09-16 07:17:51 2026-09-18 08:58:05 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Ljubljana 2026 Ljubljana 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VIII, [16] str.)) 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 636.085(043.2) 289326 291544579 61900.pdf 61900.pdf 1 FF105CDFDF771AB85B707559819A1F4F 938bdb65aa6f7e2ff3afbfe5bd0ededcd5c7e42f36d4eb0cb11f36345d0538b3 eda7ae38-b18d-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=247703 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0