20.500.12556/RUL-187517 Doživljanje stikov pod nadzorom z vidika mater z izkušnjo nasilja v družini Experiences of supervised contact from the perspective of mothers who have experienced domestic violence Diplomska naloga obravnava doživljanje stikov pod nadzorom z vidika mater z izkušnjo nasilja v družini. Namen raziskave je bil poglobljeno raziskati, kako matere z izkušnjo nasilja doživljajo izvajanje stikov pod nadzorom, kakšno podporo pri tem prejemajo, katere ovire zaznavajo, kako razumejo odzive otrok ter kateri dejavniki pri njih krepijo ali zmanjšujejo občutek varnosti. V teoretičnem delu sem raziskala pomen nasilja v družini, potek razveze ter ukrepe za zaščito otrokove koristi. Obravnavala sem opredelitev stikov pod nadzorom, pripravo in pravila izvajanja stikov pod nadzorom, njihov potek, vlogo strokovne delavke in pripravo mnenj za sodišče, podporo in pomoč v okviru stikov pod nadzorom ter sistemske izzive njihovega izvajanja, med katere sodi tudi vprašanje stikov v primerih nasilja v družini. V empiričnem delu sem izvedla kvalitativno raziskavo. Podatki so bili zbrani z delno standardiziranimi intervjuji na vzorcu štirih mater, katerih otroci so imeli ali imajo stike pod nadzorom po uveljavitvi Družinskega zakonika. Sogovornice so bile v raziskavo vključene s pomočjo nevladne organizacije (NVO), zato je bil vzorec neslučajnostni in priložnostni, intervjuji pa so potekali v živo. Pridobljeni podatki so bili obdelani z odprtim in osnim kodiranjem, kar je omogočilo oblikovanje tematskih sklopov, povezanih z doživljanjem stikov, občutkom varnosti, odzivi otrok, podporo, pripravo matere in otroka na stike ter ovirami. Rezultati raziskave kažejo, da so matere stike pod nadzorom doživljale kot čustveno obremenjujočo izkušnjo. Postopek so označevale kot naporen, saj je pri njih pogosto sprožal negotovost, izčrpanost in strah zaradi ponovne izpostavljenosti povzročitelju nasilja. Stiki pod nadzorom sami po sebi niso zagotavljali občutka varnosti, saj je bila ta odvisna predvsem od konkretne izvedbe postopka, zlasti od jasnega fizičnega in časovnega ločevanja žrtve in povzročitelja, varne predaje otrok, doslednega nadzora, jasnih pravil ter pravočasnega ukrepanja strokovnih delavk. Kadar so bili ti elementi pomanjkljivi, so se pri materah okrepili občutki ogroženosti in nezaupanja v zaščitno vlogo institucije. Pomembna ugotovitev raziskave je, da so bili odzivi otrok na stike zelo raznoliki in pogosto povezani s čustveno stisko. Otroci so stisko izražali z zavračanjem stikov, jokom, strahom, vedenjskimi spremembami, telesnimi odzivi, motnjami spanja, regresivnim vedenjem in izrazito potrebo po materini bližini. Raziskava opozarja, da otrokovega mnenja ni dovolj zgolj formalno zabeležiti, temveč ga je treba dejansko upoštevati pri načrtovanju nadaljnjih stikov. Matere so pri tem prevzemale pomembno, a zelo obremenjujočo vlogo, saj so otroke pripravljale, pomirjale, jim razlagale potek stikov in hkrati same predelovale posledice nasilja. Ugotovitve kažejo tudi na pomembno vlogo NVO, psihološke pomoči in drugih oblik podpore, ki so materam omogočale razbremenitev, boljše razumevanje postopka ter splošno psihosocialno podporo. Izkušnje s centrom za socialno delo (CSD) so bile med sogovornicami različne: nekatere so center doživljale kot vir podpore in usmerjanja, druge pa kot prostor pomanjkljive občutljivosti za nasilje, nejasne komunikacije in nezadostnega upoštevanja materinega ter otrokovega doživljanja. Sklep raziskave je, da stiki pod nadzorom v primerih nasilja v družini svojo zaščitno funkcijo učinkovito opravljajo le, če se izvajajo ob jasno določenih varnostnih ukrepih, doslednem upoštevanju pravil, strokovni občutljivosti za travmo ter rednem spremljanju otrokovega in materinega doživljanja. This thesis examines the experience of supervised visitation from the perspective of mothers who have experienced domestic violence. The purpose of the study was to explore in depth how mothers with a history of domestic violence experience the implementation of supervised visitation, what support they receive, what obstacles they perceive, how they interpret their children's reactions, and which factors enhance or diminish their sense of safety. In the theoretical part, I examined the concept of domestic violence, the divorce process, and measures for protecting the child's best interests. I discussed the definition of supervised visitation, the preparation and rules for its implementation, its process, the role of the social worker, the preparation of court opinions, support and assistance during supervised visitation, and the systemic challenges of its implementation, including the issue of visitation in cases of domestic violence. In the empirical part, I conducted a qualitative study. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with a sample of four mothers whose children had or currently have supervised visitation. The participants were recruited with the assistance of a non-governmental organization (NGO); thus, a non-probability convenience sampling method was used. The interviews were conducted in person. The gathered data were analysed using open and axial coding, which facilitated the formulation of thematic categories related to the experience of visitation, the sense of safety, children's reactions, support, the preparation of both mother and child for the visits, and perceived obstacles. The results indicate that mothers experienced supervised visitation as an emotionally taxing experience. They described the process as exhausting, as it frequently triggered feelings of uncertainty, fatigue, and fear due to re-exposure to the perpetrator of the violence. Supervised visitation in itself did not guarantee a sense of safety; instead, safety depended primarily on the specific execution of the procedure, particularly on the clear physical and temporal separation of the victim and the perpetrator, the safe handover of the children, consistent supervision, clear rules, and timely intervention by the professionals. When these elements were lacking, the mothers' feelings of endangerment and their distrust in the institution's protective role intensified. A significant finding of the study is that the children's reactions to the visits were highly diverse and often linked to emotional distress. The children expressed this distress through the rejection of visitation, crying, fear, behavioural changes, somatic responses, sleep disturbances, regressive behaviour, and a pronounced need for their mother's proximity. The study points out that it is not enough to record the child’s opinion merely formally; rather, it must be genuinely considered when planning future visits. Mothers assumed a crucial yet highly burdensome role in this context, as they prepared, comforted, and explained the visitation process to their children while simultaneously processing the consequences of the violence themselves. The findings also highlight the significant role of NGOs, psychological counselling, and other forms of support, which provided mothers with relief, a better understanding of the process, and general psychosocial support. Experiences with the Social Work Centre (CSD) varied among the participants: some perceived the center as a source of support and guidance, while others viewed it as an environment lacking sensitivity to violence, characterized by unclear communication and insufficient consideration of the mother's and child's experiences. The study concludes that supervised visitation in cases of domestic violence fulfils its protective function effectively only if implemented with clearly defined safety measures, strict adherence to the rules, professional trauma sensitivity, and regular monitoring of the child's and mother's experiences. stiki pod nadzorom nasilje v družini matere z izkušnjo nasilja otrokova korist center za socialno delo nevladne organizacije supervised contact domestic violence mothers with experience of violence best interests of the child centre for social work non-governmental organizations true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-09-11 09:00:32 2026-09-11 09:00:38 2026-09-13 03:36:19 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 1970-01-01 58674 20605.pdf 20605.pdf 1 7314A00A7B6E4480E4C5EA4D25BAF472 0c21a79f927cef0ebfdd49c4400734b6f3375e5b4ab625eb6b53f673479d93e7 793aca4f-adae-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=247160 Fakulteta za socialno delo 0 0 0