20.500.12556/RUL-187440 Rentgensko slikanje abdomna pri bolnikih s povečano telesno maso: vpliv na kakovost slike in sevalno obremenitev diplomsko delo Abdominal radiography in patients with increased body mass: impact on image quality and radiation dose diploma work Uvod: Prekomerna telesna teža in debelost sta v današnjem času velik zdravstveni problem, zato ju je Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija klasificirala kot kronični presnovni bolezni. To v radiološki diagnostiki predstavlja izziv, saj se pri takšnih pacientih poveča prejeta doza in poslabša kakovost slike. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je raziskati in ugotoviti, kako s povečanjem ekspozicijskih pogojev (anodne napetosti) pridemo do najnižje doze obsevanosti z še sprejemljivo kakovostjo slike. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili kvantitativno, eksperimentalno in deskriptivno metodo. V eksperimentalnem delu smo zajeli 120 rentgenskih slik abdomna na antropomorfnem fantomu, kateremu smo dodajali maščobo in spreminjali ekspozicijske pogoje. Podatke smo nato analizirali in primerjali z deskriptivno metodo. Vire smo iskali s pomočjo Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Cobiss+ in RUL. Rezultati: Rezultati so pokazali, da ITM vpliva na DAP in kakovost slike (SNR, CNR), saj je Kruskal-Wallisov test pokazal statistično značilne razlike (p < 0.001), prav tako na DAP vpliva tudi anodna napetost. DAP narašča z ITM; pri ITM 40 se je povečal za 741,57 %. Najbolj se je zmanjšal SNR pri ITM 32 (pri mehkih tkivih 50,3 %, pri skeletu 58,1 %), CNR pa narasel za največ 10,4 % pri mehkih tkivih in največ 7,2 %pri kosteh). Z ITM se povečuje tudi ED; pri najvišjem ITM se je povečala za štirikrat. Največjo dozo bo pri ITM 40 prejela maternica, mehur, želodec, debelo črevo, koža ter bezgavke. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati kažejo, da ITM vpliva na pacientovo prejeto dozo in kvaliteto slike. Z večanjem ITM pacienta se linearno poveča DAP in poslabša kakovost slike. Prav tako se poveča ED na radiosenzitivne organe, še posebej na maternico, mehur, želodec, debelo črevo, bezgavke in kožo, zato je pomembna optimizacija protokolov po načelu ALARA. Introduction: Overweight and obesity are major public health issues and have been classified by the World Health Organization as chronic metabolic diseases. According to WHO data, their prevalence has tripled in most European countries since 1980. This presents a challenge in radiological diagnostics, as such patients receive higher radiation doses and image quality is reduced. Purpose: The aim of this thesis is to investigate and determine how increasing exposure parameters (tube voltage) can achieve the lowest radiation dose while maintaining acceptable image quality. Methods: The study used quantitative, experimental, and descriptive methods. In the experimental and quantitative part, 120 abdominal radiographs of an anthropomorphic phantom were obtained, with additional fat layers applied and exposure parameters varied. The data were analysed and compared using a descriptive method. Literature sources were obtained through Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Cobiss+ and RUL. Results: Results showed that BMI significantly affected ED, DAP and image quality (SNR, CNR), as the Kruskal-Wallis test demonstrated statistically significant differences (p < 0.001), while tube voltage also influenced DAP. DAP increased by 741.57 at BMI 40. The largest SNR reduction was observed at BMI 32 (50.3% in soft tissue, 58.1% in bone), while CNR increased by up to 10.4% in soft tissue and 7.2% in bone. Effective dose increased fourfold at the highest BMI. At BMI 40, the highest organ doses were received by the uterus, bladder, stomach, colon, skin and lymph nodes. Discussion and conclusion: The results indicate that BMI significantly influences both patient radiation dose and image quality. With increasing BMI, DAP increases, while image quality deteriorates. Additionally, effective dose to radiosensitive organs increases, particularly in the uterus, bladder, stomach, colon, lymph nodes and skin. Therefore, optimisation of radiological protocols according to the ALARA principle is essential. diplomska dela radiološka tehnologija debelost abdomen efektivna doza radiosenzitivnost organov kakovost rentgenograma optimizacija protokolov diploma theses radiologic technology obesity abdomen effective dose organ radiosensitivity radiographic image quality protocol optimisation true false false [E. Štigl : N. Tomšič] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-09-11 07:46:21 2026-09-11 07:46:27 2026-09-12 04:29:15 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Ljubljana 0 Ljubljana IX, 32 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 616-07 164233 290786051 64095.pdf 64095.pdf 1 28ECE93908EE87FA75286A3CF675D163 992769387c98f684d395f887a6efbc2676e72d4a5a6f5db6718b1996c2580713 1ad42b05-ada4-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=247071 Zdravstvena fakulteta 0 0 0