20.500.12556/RUL-187002 Sinteza kositrovega oksisulfida za fotorazgradnjo farmacevtskih onesnaževal Synthesis of tin oxysulfide for the photodegradation of pharmaceutical pollutants Prisotnost farmacevtskih onesnaževal v vodnem okolju predstavlja vse večji okoljski problem, saj številne učinkovine zaradi svoje kemijske stabilnosti prehajajo skozi konvencionalne metode čiščenja odpadnih voda ter se tako kopičijo v površinskih in podzemnih vodah. Vse več raziskav se usmerja v razvoj naprednih oksidacijskih procesov, med katerimi fotokataliza predstavlja eno izmed najbolj obetavnih tehnologij za razgradnjo obstojnih organskih onesnaževal. Kot potencialni katalizator za fotorazgradnjo farmacevtskih onesnaževal je v diplomskem delu obravnavan kositrov oksisulfid. Posebna pozornost je namenjena njegovim lastnostim, ki zaradi kombinacije kisika in žvepla omogočajo učinkovito absorpcijo svetlobe. Predstavljeni so tudi osnovni mehanizmi fotokatalize ter dejavniki, ki vplivajo na učinkovitost razgradnje organskih spojin. Eksperimentalni del vključuje sintezo kositrovega oksisulfida z metodo obarjanja z uporabo česnovega ekstrakta, izboljšanje lastnosti katalizatorja z modifikacijo s srebrom, njegovo karakterizacijo z ustreznimi analiznimi tehnikami ter vrednotenje fotokatalitske učinkovitosti pri razgradnji izbranih farmacevtskih učinkovin. Koncentracijo farmacevtikov sem določila s tekočinsko kromatografijo visoke ločljivosti, kjer so rezultati pokazali, kateri fotokatalizator učinkoviteje razgrajuje farmacevtike. Fotokatalizo sem izvedla na mešanici petih različnih farmacevtikov v vodi in jo izvajala med osvetljevanjem z UV in vidno svetlobo. Rezultati so pokazali, da je bila v uporabljenih eksperimentalnih pogojih izrazita fotokatalitska razgradnja zaznana le pri diklofenaku, medtem ko pri preostalih štirih farmacevtskih učinkovinah ni prišlo do razgradnje. Selektivna razgradnja diklofenaka je potekala pri obeh fotokatalizatorjih (nemodificiranem in s srebrom modificiranem kositrovem oksisulfidu) in pri uporabi obeh svetil. Razgradnja je bila najučinkovitejša pri kositrovem oksisulfidu z dodatkom srebra in ko je potekala pod vidno svetlobo. The presence of pharmaceutical pollutants in the aquatic environment has become an increasing environmental concern, as many pharmaceutical compounds, due to their chemical stability, pass through conventional wastewater treatment processes and consequently accumulate in surface water and groundwater. Therefore, an increasing amount of research is focused on the development of advanced oxidation processes, among which photocatalysis has emerged as one of the most promising technologies for the degradation of persistent organic pollutants. In this bachelor's thesis, tin oxysulfide was investigated as a potential photocatalyst for the photodegradation of pharmaceutical pollutants. Particular attention was paid to its properties, as the combination of oxygen and sulfur enables efficient light absorption. The fundamental mechanisms of photocatalysis and the factors influencing the efficiency of organic compound degradation are also presented. The experimental part includes the synthesis of tin oxysulfide using a precipitation method mediated by garlic extract, the improvement of catalyst properties by silver modification, its characterization using appropriate analytical techniques and the evaluation of its photocatalytic efficiency in the degradation of selected pharmaceutical compounds. The concentrations of the pharmaceutical compounds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the obtained results were used to evaluate which photocatalyst was more effective in degrading the pharmaceuticals. The photocatalytic experiments were performed using a mixture of five different pharmaceutical compounds in water under both UV and visible light irradiation. The results showed that, under the experimental conditions used, significant photocatalytic degradation was observed only for diclofenac, whereas no degradation was detected for the other four pharmaceutical compounds. Diclofenac was selectively degraded by both photocatalysts (unmodified and silver-modified tin oxysulfide) under both light sources. The highest degradation efficiency was achieved with silver-modified tin oxysulfide under visible light irradiation. Farmacevtska onesnaževala čiščenje odpadnih voda fotokataliza kositrov oksisulfid Pharmaceutical pollutants wastewater treatment photocatalysis tin oxysulfide true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-09-08 09:35:09 2026-09-08 09:35:13 2026-10-21 12:58:32 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 26047 301885955 Senica_Nika_-_Sinteza_kositrovega_oksisulfida_za_fotorazgradnjo_farmacevtskih_onesnazeval.pdf Senica_Nika_-_Sinteza_kositrovega_oksisulfida_za_fotorazgradnjo_farmacevtskih_onesnazeval.pdf 1 89556CC70AC90E2DEB3F25C7D2E1DD1C fcda17e1f1c1097e6139b88345acc0c7ecb94546102e9ed3821bec3bd40e680d cfda16d2-ab57-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=246416 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0