20.500.12556/RUL-186899 Igra vlog kot sredstvo tehniškega in tehnološkega opismenjevanja v predšolskem obdobju diplomsko delo Role-play as a means of developing technical and technological literacy in early childhood education Otroška igra je ena izmed temeljnih dejavnosti v predšolskem obdobju, saj otrok z njo na spontan in naraven način spoznava svet, pridobiva izkušnje ter se razvija na različnih področjih. Pomembno vpliva na razvoj mišljenja, govora, domišljije, ustvarjalnosti, čustev in socialnih spretnosti. Pri otroški igri se pojavljajo tudi različni izzivi, predvsem kako otroku zagotoviti spodbudno okolje, dovolj možnosti za igro ter ustrezne materiale in pripomočke. Pomembno izhodišče za razvoj igre vlog predstavlja simbolna igra, pri kateri otrok predmetom, dejanjem ali situacijam pripisuje nov pomen. Z igro vlog tako prevzema različne vloge, uporablja domišljijo ter se vživlja v različne situacije in odnose, s čimer razvija govor, sodelovanje in razumevanje drugih. V diplomskem delu nas je vodilo vprašanje, kako lahko igra vlog na temo policista pri predšolskih otrocih spodbuja začetne elemente tehniškega in tehnološkega opismenjevanja. V ospredju je bila igra vlog, ki je otrokom omogočala uporabo pripomočkov, materialov, simbolno rabo predmetov in reševanje preprostih problemov v igralni situaciji. Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti, kako otroci med igro vlog prepoznavajo pripomočke, povezane z vlogo policista, ali razumejo njihov namen, kako jih uporabljajo v igri ter kako sodelujejo pri izdelavi in izbiri materialov. Raziskali smo tudi, kako otroci uporabljajo predmete na simbolen način, kadar nimajo ustreznih policijskih pripomočkov. V praktičnem delu je sodelovalo 15 otrok, starih od 3 do 6 let. Izvedene so bile tri dejavnosti: igra vlog s pripravljenimi pripomočki, izdelava pripomočkov za igro vlog ter izbira ustreznih predmetov za vlogo policista. Podatki so bili zbrani s pomočjo opazovalnega lista, ki je bil oblikovan za namene diplomskega dela, obdelani opisno in prikazani s frekvencami. Rezultati so pokazali, da so otroci večino pripomočkov prepoznali, jih znali poimenovati ali opisati ter jih smiselno vključiti v igro. Otroci so pokazali tudi simbolno rabo predmetov, saj so običajne predmete uporabili kot nadomestke za policijske pripomočke. Starejši otroci so svoje izbire pojasnili z besedami, mlajši pa pogosto z dejanji. Rezultati nakazujejo potencial igre vlog za spodbujanje začetnega tehniškega in tehnološkega opismenjevanja v vrtcu, saj otrokom omogoča učenje z igro, konkretne izkušnje, uporabo materialov in iskanje rešitev. Ugotovitve raziskave lahko prispevajo k oblikovanju razvojno primernih dejavnosti, ki jih je mogoče vključiti v delo vrtca, predvsem pri povezovanju igre, raziskovanja, uporabe materialov in iskanju rešitev. Children´s play is one of the fundamental activities in the preschool period, as it enables children to explore the world, gain experience and develop in various areas in a spontaneous and natural way. It plays an important role in the development of thinking, language, imagination, creativity, emotions and social skills. Children´s play also involves various challenges, particularly in terms of providing a stimulating environment, sufficient opportunities for play, and appropriate materials and resources. Symbolic play represents an important starting point for the development of role- play, in which children take on different roles, use their imagination and engage in various situations and relationships, thereby developing language, cooperation and an understanding of others. In this thesis, we focused on how role-play based on the theme of a police officer can promote the development of initial elements of technical and technological literacy among preschool children. The focus was on role-play that enabled children to use props and materials, use objects symbolically and solve simple problems within a play situation. The purpose of the thesis was to determine how children recognise props associated with the role of a police officer during role-play, whether they understand their purpose, how they use them in play and how they participate in the creation and selection of materials. We also examined how children use objects symbolically when appropriate police-related props are not available. The practical part of the study included 15 children aged 3 to 6 years. The three activities were: role play with prepared props, the creation of props for role play, and the selection of appropriate objects for the role of police officer. Data were collected using an observation sheet designed specifically for the purposes of the thesis. The data were analysed descriptively and presented using frequencies. The results showed that the children recognised most of the props, were able to name or describe them and meaningfully incorporated them into their play. The children also demonstrated the symbolic use of objects by using ordinary items as substitutes for police-related props. Older children explained their choices verbally, whereas younger children often demonstrated their understanding through actions. The results indicate the potential of role-play to promote the development of initial technical and technological literacy in kindergarten, as it enables children to learn through play, concrete experiences, the use of materials and problem solving. The findings of the study may contribute to the development of developmentally appropriate activities that can be incorporated into kindergarten practice, particularly by connecting play, exploration, the use of materials and problem solving. predšolski otroci igra vlog predšolsko obdobje tehniško in tehnološko opismenjevanje simbolna raba predmetov pripomočki materiali role-play early childhood technical and technological literacy symbolic use of objects props materials true false false N. Klinc Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-09-06 08:30:55 2026-09-06 08:30:59 2026-09-09 16:48:04 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Ljubljana 0 Ljubljana IV, 52, III str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 373.2(043.2) 209490 290566915 53605.pdf 53605.pdf 1 C7A210B633C02BDC502378FDB91D92B0 cf2105fc3d2b1c9eb0ca511972dbc604b7ea12f363de6358f69fc8aca1d19377 8336b51e-a9bc-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=246282 Pedagoška fakulteta 0 0 0