20.500.12556/RUL-186808 Ocena varnosti sestavin v kozmetičnih izdelkih proti staranju kože Safety assessment of the ingredients in cosmetic products against skin aging Izdelki proti staranju kože so eni najbolj priljubljenih kozmetičnih izdelkov, saj se pojavlja vse večja želja po ohranjanju mladostnega videza kože. Glavni cilj teh izdelkov je izboljšati videz kože, zmanjšati pojav gub, drobnih linij in različnih hiperpigmentacij, povečati navlaženost kože ter izboljšati njeno elastičnost in čvrstost. Namen diplomske naloge je bil pregledati kozmetične sestavine v izbranih izdelkih proti staranju kože in oceniti njihovo varnost, saj morajo biti vsi kozmetični izdelki, dostopni na trgu, kakovostni, varni za uporabo ter izpolnjevati namen, za katerega so deklarirani. V pregled smo vključili 69 različnih izdelkov, ki smo jih glede na namen delovanja in obliko razvrstili v štiri skupine, in sicer kreme proti gubam, serumi proti gubam, kreme za posvetlitev kože in serumi za posvetlitev kože. Znotraj vsake skupine smo še posebej ločili izdelke v podskupini nižjega in višjega cenovnega razreda. Pregledali smo njihove sestavine in na podlagi zbranih toksikoloških podatkov ovrednotili varnost kozmetičnih sestavin izdelkov proti staranju. Največjo pozornost smo pri tem posvetili pregledu dišav, barvil, konzervansov in UV-filtrov, dodatno pa smo pregledali še toksikološke podatke najpogostejših kozmetično aktivnih sestavin. Med dišavami se je najpogosteje pojavil limonen (31,9 %), med barvili CI 77891 (15,9 %), med konzervansi fenoksietanol (66,7 %) in med UV-filtri butil metoksidibenzoilmetan (14,5 %). Med kozmetično aktivnimi sestavinami se je največkrat pojavil niacinamid (46,4 %), saj je edina sestavina, ki se je pojavila v vseh štirih skupinah izdelkov. Na podlagi primerjave analiziranih izdelkov smo ugotovili, da so kreme pogosteje vsebovale barvila in UV-filtre kot serumi. Dražji izdelki so v primerjavi s cenejšimi pogosteje vsebovali dišave, barvila in konzervanse, kar kaže na večji poudarek na senzoričnih lastnostih in estetskem videzu izdelka, kar pa ni nujno, da doprinese k večji varnosti izdelka. Pri primerjavi izdelkov proti gubam in izdelkov za posvetlitev kože smo ugotovili, da izdelki proti gubam pogosteje vsebujejo dišave in dišavne alergene, medtem ko so izdelki za posvetlitev kože pogosteje vsebovali UV-filtre, ki pomembno prispevajo k preprečevanju nastanka novih pigmentnih sprememb. Na podlagi pregleda toksikoloških podatkov smo ugotovili, da so vse obravnavane sestavine ob uporabi v dovoljenih oziroma priporočenih koncentracijah varne za uporabo. Na podlagi ugotovitev raziskave lahko zaključimo, da so analizirani kozmetični izdelki proti staranju kože varni za uporabo. Kljub temu pa ni mogoče izključiti možnosti pojava alergijskih oziroma preobčutljivostnih reakcij pri posameznikih ob njihovi uporabi. Anti-aging skincare products are among the most popular cosmetic products due to the growing desire to maintain a youthful appearance of the skin. Their primary purpose is to improve the overall appearance of the skin, reduce the visibility of wrinkles, fine lines and various forms of hyperpigmentation, increase skin hydration, and improve skin elasticity and firmness. The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to examine the cosmetic ingredients used in selected anti-aging products and assess their safety, as all cosmetic products placed on the market must be of high quality, safe for use, and fulfil the purpose for which they are intended. A total of 69 products were included in the study and classified into four groups according to their intended use and formulation type: anti-wrinkle creams, anti-wrinkle serums, skin-brightening creams, and skinbrightening serums. Within each group, products were further divided into lower-priced and higher-priced categories. The ingredient composition of the selected products was reviewed, and their safety was assessed based on available toxicological data. Particular attention was given to fragrances, colorants, preservatives, and UV filters, while toxicological data on the most frequently occurring cosmetically active ingredients were also evaluated. Among fragrances, limonene was the most frequently identified ingredient (31.9%), while CI 77891 (15.9%) was the most common colorant, phenoxyethanol (66.7%) the most common preservative, and butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (14.5%) the most frequently occurring UV filter. Niacinamide (46.4%) was the most prevalent cosmetically active ingredient and the only active ingredient found in all four product groups. The comparison of the analyzed products showed that creams more frequently contained colorants and UV filters than serums. Higherpriced products more often contained fragrances, colorants, and preservatives than lowerpriced products, indicating a greater emphasis on sensory characteristics and aesthetic appearance, although this does not necessarily contribute to improved product safety. Furthermore, anti-wrinkle products more frequently contained fragrances and fragrance allergens, whereas skin-brightening products more commonly contained UV filters, which play an important role in preventing the development of new hyperpigmented lesions. Based on the review of toxicological data, all evaluated ingredients were found to be safe when used within the permitted or recommended concentrations. The findings of this study indicate that the analyzed anti-aging cosmetic products are safe for their intended use. Nevertheless, the possibility of allergic or hypersensitivity reactions in susceptible individuals cannot be completely excluded. barvila dišave konzervansi kozmetični izdelki proti staranju kože varnost. anti-aging cosmetic products colorants fragrances preservatives safety. true false false [D. Sušec] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-09-05 08:45:40 2026-09-05 08:45:44 2026-09-08 09:54:00 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 1970-01-01 665.58+664.5(043.2) 128237 290295299 33097.pdf 33097.pdf 1 055EE904D5B5284CC878689B092D2A67 1f704a22eeac4874bd1c4f0b4ca03dd15377b0eca8f4bd41b808d0cbe9e197c3 69315521-a8f5-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=246179 33098.docx 33098.docx 1 94DE0DCD6F38D78F230FA64C395979C0 e42a6fc538044bd4931173c493e11a676d197b043d1efaa094467e446f5136ff 6931b1d2-a8f5-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=246180 33099.docx 33099.docx 1 716039467DCD6B31E68FA4E76F6C7FB1 67138e09df9c4d831b2bafee24bc1c5017eb29872e11689cf369f277b8618533 693385a9-a8f5-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=246181 Fakulteta za farmacijo 0 0 0