20.500.12556/RUL-186756 Rast združb mikroorganizmov na umetnih polimerih Growth of microbial communities on artificial polymers Namen magistrskega dela je bil vzpostaviti in analizirati stabilne mikrobne konzorcije za razgradnjo mešanice polietilena, polipropilena in najlona. Kot izhodiščni vcepek smo uporabili kompleksno mešanico okoljskih vzorcev z odlagališč in čistilnih naprav, ki smo jo v dveh vzporednih linijah, z bioavgmentacijo (dodatek 19 glivnih sevov) in brez nje, štiri mesece bogatili v minimalnem gojišču z mikroplastiko kot glavnim virom ogljika. S pomočjo visokozmogljivega sekvenciranja pomnožkov taksonomskih označevalcev (16S, 18S in ITS) smo spremljali spremembe v sestavi združb. Rezultati so pokazali drastičen upad alfa-diverzitete in korenit premik v beta-diverziteti, kar potrjuje nastanek specializirane plastisfere. Bioavgmentacija je značilno stabilizirala konzorcij, v katerem sta rodova Penicillium in Aspergillus postala dominantna in izpodrinila druge evkariontske predstavnike. PERMANOVA je potrdila, da mikroplastika deluje kot primarni selekcijski dejavnik, ki usmerja razvoj unikatne bakterijske združbe, medtem ko glive delujejo kot stabilizacijski faktor, ki ohranja višje število manj zastopanih variant zaporedij pomnožkov (ASV). Ugotovili smo popolno izginotje metanogenih arhej, kar sovpada z njihovo funkcionalno nepomembnostjo v aerobnih degradacijskih sistemih. Raziskava dokazuje, da sinergija med domenami v bioavgmentiranih konzorcijih ustvarja strukturno zrelejše in ponovljivejše sisteme, kar je pomemben podatek za razvoj biotehnoloških procesov bioremediacije plastičnih odpadkov. The aim of this work was to establish and analyze stable microbial consortia for the degradation of a mixture of polyethylene, polypropylene, and nylon. A complex environmental inoculum from landfills and wastewater treatment plants was used as the starting material. The consortia were enriched over a four-month period in minimal medium with microplastics as the main carbon source, following two parallel strategies: natural enrichment and bioaugmentation with nineteen fungal strains. Microbial community dynamics were monitored using high-throughput amplicon sequencing of 16S, 18S, and ITS taxonomic markers. The results showed a drastic decline in alpha diversity and a radical shift in beta diversity, confirming the formation of a specialized plastisphere. Bioaugmentation significantly stabilized the consortium, with the genera Penicillium and Aspergillus becoming dominant and outcompeting other eukaryotes. PERMANOVA results confirmed that microplastics act as the primary selective factor driving the development of a unique bacterial community, while fungi serve as a stabilizing factor that maintains a higher number of low-abundance amplicon sequence variants (ASVs). A total loss of methanogenic archaea was observed in line with their functional insignificance in aerobic degradation systems. This research demonstrates that cross-kingdom synergy in bioaugmented consortia creates structurally mature and reproducible systems, which is important for developing biotechnological processes for plastic waste bioremediation. mikroplastika plastisfera bioavgmentacija mikrobni konzorciji sekvenciranje pomnožkov ASV glive Penicillium Aspergillus biološka razgradnja polimerov microplastics plastisphere bioaugmentation microbial consortia amplicon sequencing ASV fungi Penicillium Aspergillus polymer biodegradation true false false [N. Češnovar] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2026-09-05 07:15:11 2026-09-05 07:15:27 2026-09-07 07:48:52 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 1970-01-01 582.28:678.5/.7(043.2) 286975 290134275 60858.pdf 60858.pdf 1 D16B23A042FFAA49D1F9B801F9901BC7 bd7efb756ca6f083c79829277ce37c123b13a4d5cf7f75888184e90a66e5deaa dd20aec3-a8e8-11f1-8bc5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=246124 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0