20.500.12556/RUL-186561 Vpliv izometrične vadbe mišice quadriceps femoris na bolečino pri pacientih z osteoartrozo kolena - pregled literature Effect of isometric exercise of muscle quadriceps femoris on pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis - literature review Uvod: Osteoartroza kolena je degenerativna bolezen kolenskega sklepa, ki je običajno posledica obrabe in postopne izgube sklepnega hrustanca. Najpogosteje se pojavi pri starejši populaciji in je ena izmed najpogostejših degenerativnih bolezni, ki povzročijo invalidnost starejših. Ključna posledica patoloških sprememb pri osteoartrozi kolena je razvoj mišične oslabelosti in atrofije, zlasti m. quadriceps femoris, kar povečuje obremenitev sklepa in bolečino. Krepitev mišic se običajno začne z izometrično vadbo, saj vključuje preprosto izvedbo vaj, ki jih pacienti lahko izvajajo samostojno doma, brez potrebe po posebnih pripomočkih. Izometrična vadba lahko brez dodatnega mehanskega obremenjevanja prispeva k zmanjšanju bolečine, izboljša se aktivni obseg giba, zdravstveno stanje in telesna pripravljenost posameznika. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je na podlagi strokovne in znanstvene literature analizirati vpliv izometrične vadbe m. quadriceps femoris na bolečino pri pacientih z osteoartrozo kolena. Metode dela:Za iskanje literature so bile uporabljene podatkovne zbirke PubMed, PEDro in iskalnik Google Scholar s ključnimi besedami: »knee osteoarthritis«, »pain«, »isometric contraction« in »quadriceps femoris«. Rezultati: V pregled literature je bilo vključenih sedem raziskav, ki so vključevale izometrično vadbo za krepitev m. quadriceps femoris na bolečino pri osebah z osteoartrozo kolena. Trajanje vadbenih programov je znašalo od 2 do 12 tednov, protokoli pa so se razlikovali glede na frekvenco izvajanja vaj, trajanje kontrakcij in vključevanje dodatnih terapevtskih postopkov. V vseh raziskavah je izometrična vadba privedla do statistično značilnega zmanjšanja bolečine v eksperimentalnih skupinah (p < 0,05), medtem ko v kontrolnih skupinah ni prišlo do statistično značilnega izboljšanja bolečine. Največje zmanjšanje bolečine je bilo opaženo pri programih z daljšim trajanjem vadbenega programa in višjo frekvenco izvajanja vaj. Razprava in zaključek: Na podlagi pregledanih raziskav lahko trdimo, da ima izometrična vadba m. quadriceps femoris pozitiven vpliv na zmanjšanje bolečine in na izboljšanje funkcionalnih sposobnosti pri osebah z osteoartrozo kolena. Avtorji kot možne razlage teh učinkov navajajo povečanje mišične sile m. quadriceps femoris, posledično izboljšanje stabilnosti in prekrvavitve sklepa ter zmanjšanje bolečine zaradi zmanjšanja vnetja in nevrofizioloških mehanizmov. V prihodnje bi bilo smiselno izvesti metodološko naprednejše raziskave z večjimi vzorci preiskovancev, standardiziranimi vadbenimi programi in dolgoročnim spremljanjem učinkov izometrične vadbe pri osebah z osteoartrozo kolena. Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease of the knee joint, which is usually caused by wear and gradual loss of articular cartilage. It most commonly occurs in the elderly population and is one of the most prevalent degenerative diseases causing disability in older adults. A key consequence of pathological changes associated with knee osteoarthritis is the development of muscle weakness and atrophy, particularly of the m. quadriceps femoris, which increases joint loading and pain. Muscle strengthening usually begins with isometric exercise, as it involves simple exercises that patients can perform independently at home without the need for special equipment. Isometric exercise may contribute to pain reduction without additional mechanical loading, while also improving active range of motion, health status, and physical fitness of the individual. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to analyse, based on professional and scientific literature, the effect of isometric exercise of the m. quadriceps femoris on pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: Literature was searched using the PubMed, PEDro, and Google Scholar databases with the following keywords: “knee osteoarthritis,” “pain,” “isometric contraction,” and “quadriceps femoris.” Results: Seven studies involving isometric exercises for strengthening the m. quadriceps femoris were included in the literature review. The duration of interventions ranged from 2 to 12 weeks, and the protocols differed in terms of exercise frequency, contraction duration, and the inclusion of additional therapeutic procedures. In all studies, isometric exercise resulted in a statistically significant reduction in pain in the experimental groups (p < 0.05), whereas the control groups did not show statistically significant improvements in pain. The greatest reduction in pain was observed in programmes with longer exercise duration and higher exercise frequency. Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the reviewed studies, it can be concluded that isometric exercise of the m. quadriceps femoris has a positive effect on pain reduction and improvement of functional abilities in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. The authors suggest possible explanations for these effects, including increased muscle strength of the m. quadriceps femoris, subsequent improvement in joint stability and blood supply, as well as pain reduction due to decreased inflammation and neurophysiological mechanisms. that these effects may be explained by increased muscle strength of the quadriceps femoris, as well as potential changes in joint stabilization, blood circulation and pain modulation through neurophysiological and inflammatory mechanisms. In the future, it would be reasonable to conduct more methodologically advanced studies with larger sample sizes, standardized exercise programs, and long-term follow-up of the effects of isometric exercise in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. izometrična vadba m. quadriceps femoris bolečina osteoartroza kolena isometric exercise m. quadriceps femoris pain knee osteoarthritis true false false Slovenski jezik Neznan jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-09-03 07:46:45 2026-09-03 07:46:55 2026-09-04 04:30:43 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 1970-01-01 163013 63678.pdf 63678.pdf 1 4D794E90D5E29A29D3EFC839CD0232E2 5769eb7cfb55918153c49614ab072b8f05f66f8c091498ef2629366bc0506302 6fc23106-a75a-11f1-9b0d-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=245833 63679.pdf 63679.pdf 1 744DB8E27DD992D3C473E5F009EBFF7A de341d1bff1d6e92b17f4ecfdfa4ee1e8dd0071c6c3b96116e8627a2863ed452 6fc58d59-a75a-11f1-9b0d-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=245834 Zdravstvena fakulteta 0 0 0