20.500.12556/RUL-186324 Metode za pridobivanje brezviroidnih rastlin Methods for the Elimination of Viroids from Plants Viroidi so zelo drobni patogeni rastlin, sestavljeni iz kratkih nekodirajočih RNA zaporedij. Poznamo veliko različnih vrst, ki okužujejo širok spekter rastlinskih vrst in povzročajo veliko gospodarsko škodo. Preprečevanje vnosa in širjenja viroidov sta osnovna ukrepa pri nadzoru viroidnih bolezni. Ker pa je to v praksi praktično nemogoče, je pomembno razviti metode za pridobivanje brezviroidnega sadilnega materiala in zdravljenje okuženih rastlin. Znanstveniki že leta razvijajo in optimizirajo različne klasične metode, najbolj pogoste so kultura meristemov, termoterapija, kemoterapija, krioterapija in mikrocepljenje. Hkrati pa iščejo tudi nove biotehnološke pristope za boj proti viroidom, ki temeljijo predvsem na mehanizmu utišanja RNA. Uspešnost odstranjevanja viroidov je odvisna od vrste viroida, gostiteljske rastline, sposobnosti regeneracije tkiva in uporabljenega postopka, zaradi česar univerzalna metoda za njihovo odstranjevanje ne obstaja. Najboljše rezultate dosegajo kombinacije različnih metod, zelo obetavni pa so različni sodobni postopki, kot so CRISPR-Cas13, SIGS in različni transgeni RNAi prisotpi, ki bodo v prihodnosti lahko nudili trajnostno rešitev in razvoj odpornejših sort. Viroids are very small plant pathogens, consisting of short non-coding RNA sequences. There are many different species that infect a wide range of plant species and cause significant economic damage. Preventing the introduction and spread of viroids is a fundamental measure for controlling viroid diseases. However, since this is practically impossible under field conditions, it is important to develop methods for obtaining viroid-free plant material and treating the infected plants. Scientists have been developing and optimizing various classical methods for years, the most common of which are meristem culture, thermotherapy, chemotherapy, cryotherapy and micrografting. At the same time they are also looking for new biotechnological approaches to combat viroids, which are mainly based on the RNA silencing mechanism. The success of removing viroids depends on the type of viroid, the host plant, the ability of tissue regeneration and the used protocol, which is why there is no universal method for their removal. The best results are achieved by combining different methods, various modern processes are also very promising, which are CRISPR-Cas13, SIGS and different transgenic RNAi approaches. These may in the future offer a sustainable solution and the development of more resistant varieties. viroidi brezviroidni material rastline kultura meristemov RNA utišanje viroids viroid-free material plants meristem culture RNA silencing true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-08-31 07:17:37 2026-08-31 07:17:45 2026-09-04 09:12:21 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 286506 289994499 60789.pdf 60789.pdf 1 AD045F92C716EE0C19722FC1A594F296 74c1e27990d5c4cc83c5909dd2e6f9bc5ed3f2b9b6e3b59aeacead22c360f506 e1790d88-a4fa-11f1-9b0d-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=245475 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0