20.500.12556/RUL-185917 Strukturne značilnosti in vloga G-kvadrupleksov v DNA pri človeku Structural features and role of G-quadruplexes in human DNA Namen diplomskega dela je bil preučiti nekanonične strukture DNA, predvsem G-kvadruplekse (G4), ter njihov pomen v človeškem genomu. V teoretičnem delu smo predstavili njihovo vlogo pri uravnavanju izražanja genov, replikaciji DNA in ohranjanju genomske stabilnosti ter njihov potencial kot tarč za razvoj novih protitumorskih učinkovin. V eksperimentalnem delu smo proučevali vpliv kalijevih (K⁺) in natrijevih (Na⁺) ionov na oligonukleotidni aptamer AS1411, ki tvori G-kvadrupleksno strukturo. Z uporabo metod krožnega dikroizma (CD), UV-Vis spektrofotometrije in diferenčne dinamične kalorimetrije (NanoDSC) smo analizirali njegovo strukturno stabilnost ob prisotnosti monovalentnih kationov kalija in natrija. Rezultati so pokazali, da kalijevi ioni izrazito stabilizirajo G-kvadrupleksno strukturo AS1411, kar se odraža v višji temperaturi prehoda iz zvite v razvito obliko v primerjavi z natrijevimi ioni. Dobljeni rezultati potrjujejo pomemben vpliv ionskega okolja na stabilnost G-kvadrupleksov. The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to investigate non-canonical DNA structures, with particular emphasis on G-quadruplexes (G4), and their role in the human genome. The theoretical part provides an overview of their involvement in the regulation of gene expression, DNA replication, and the maintenance of genomic stability, as well as their potential as targets for the development of novel anticancer therapeutics. The experimental part investigated the effects of potassium (K⁺) and sodium (Na⁺) ions on the oligonucleotide aptamer AS1411, which adopts a G-quadruplex structure. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and differential scanning calorimetry (NanoDSC) were used to evaluate its structural stability in the presence of these monovalent cations. The results showed that potassium ions markedly stabilize the G-quadruplex structure of AS1411, as demonstrated by a higher melting temperature compared with sodium ions. These findings confirm the significant influence of the ionic environment on the stability of G-quadruplex structures. biotehnologija DNA človeška DNA G-kvadrupleksi biotechnology DNA human DNA G-quadruplexes true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-08-23 07:17:21 2026-08-23 07:17:26 2026-08-26 08:34:48 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 285498 288900099 60396.pdf 60396.pdf 1 2306C3805F3C45AC4A722F69EC6CA97C 7627b17419a24edca9402bcbb8b45e93d91dd288ee9228cfd8a3ba6ae29b1516 8829747f-9eb1-11f1-9b0d-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=244924 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0