20.500.12556/RUL-185890 Mikropropagacije konoplje (Cannabis sativa) Micropropagation of Cannabis sativa Zaradi izrazite genetske raznolikosti je konopljo (Cannabis sativa L.) težko učinkovito razmnoževati s klasičnimi postopki, zato mikropropagacija predstavlja pomembno alternativo za ohranjanje elitnih genotipov z natančno opredeljeno kemijsko sestavo sekundarnih metabolitov. Delo se osredotoča na neposredno organogenezo in razraščanje stranskih poganjkov kot genetsko stabilni regeneracijski poti. V delu so predstavljene biološke značilnosti konoplje ter njena industrijska in medicinska uporaba, opisane so osnove mikropropagacije in njene prednosti. Osrednji del dela predstavlja pregled vpliva izbire genotipa, tipa izsečka, postopkov sterilizacije rastlinskega materiala, sestave gojišča in uporabe rastlinskih rastnih regulatorjev na uspešnost posameznih faz mikropropagacije, hkrati pa so obravnavane tudi sodobne tehnologije mikropropagacije. Raziskave kažejo, da je razraščanje stranskih poganjkov iz nodalnih izsečkov in izsečkov apikalnih delov poganjkov najučinkovitejši pristop za stabilno in ponovljivo razmnoževanje konoplje. Primerjava osnovnih gojišč potrjuje, da uveljavljeno gojišče po Murashige in Skoog sicer omogoča uspešen nastanek poganjkov, vendar je pogosto povezan z morfološkimi motnjami, medtem ko alternativna ali modificirana gojišča z višjo vsebnostjo kalcija izboljšajo kakovost in stabilnost poganjkov. Ugotovljeno je, da citokinini močno vplivajo na razmnoževanje poganjkov, pri čemer tidiazuron omogoča zelo visoke stopnje regeneracije, meta-topolin pa zagotavlja kakovostnejše poganjke. Avksini imajo ključno vlogo v fazi koreninjenja, kjer se je indol-3-maslena kislina izkazala kot najučinkovitejša. Sklepi jasno kažejo, da mikropropagacija konoplje zahteva genotipsko prilagojen in tehnološko nadgrajen pristop, ki predstavlja temelj za učinkovito uporabo postopkov v raziskovalnem in proizvodnem okolju. Due to its pronounced genetic variability, Cannabis sativa is difficult to propagate efficiently using conventional methods; therefore, micropropagation represents an important alternative for preserving elite genotypes with a precisely defined chemical profile. The thesis focuses on direct organogenesis and axillary proliferation as genetically stable regeneration pathways. The biological characteristics of cannabis as well as its industrial and medicinal applications are presented, together with the basic principles of micropropagation and its advantages. The core of the thesis comprises a review of the effects of genotype selection, explant type, sterilization procedures, culture medium composition, and the use of plant growth regulators on the success of individual micropropagation stages, while newer micropropagation technologies are also discussed. Research indicates that axillary proliferation from nodal and shoot tip explants is the most effective approach for stable and reproducible propagation of cannabis. A comparison of basal media confirms that the standard Murashige–Skoog medium supports successful shoot induction but is often associated with morphological abnormalities, whereas alternative or modified media with higher calcium content improve shoot quality and stability. Cytokinins were found to play a decisive role in shoot proliferation, with thidiazuron enabling very high regeneration rates, while meta-topolin promotes superior shoot quality. Auxins are crucial during the rooting phase, where indole-3-butyric acid proved to be the most effective. The conclusions clearly demonstrate that cannabis micropropagation requires a genotype-specific and technologically advanced approach, which forms the basis for effective application of these protocols in research and production environments. mikropropagacija konoplja Cannabis sativa in vitro kultura razmnoževanje pomnoževanje neposredna organogeneza razraščanje stranskih poganjkov gojišče rastlinski rastni regulatorji tkivne kulture micropropagation hemp Cannabis sativa in vitro culture propagation multiplication direct organogenesis axillary proliferation culture medium plant growth regulators tissue culture true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-08-22 07:16:54 2026-08-22 07:17:03 2026-08-24 15:08:41 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 285425 288700675 60496.pdf 60496.pdf 1 86F5234FD71A1943162DC7963284B5DE c4dbbf1a6adae098a51ab485b8c4bf5249f1f1be5edfd23297ca6d3568deaa6b 509cb56c-9de8-11f1-9b0d-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=244897 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0