20.500.12556/RUL-184357 Nefarmakološki pristopi k obravnavi oseb z motnjo v duševnem razvoju pri obvladovanju težavnega vedenja diplomsko delo Non-pharmacological approaches to the care of persons with intellectual developmental disabilities in managing challenging behaviour diploma work Uvod: Motnje v duševnem razvoju opisujemo kot trajne omejitve kognitivnega delovanja, zaradi katerih se te osebe soočajo s problemi pri vsakdanjih dejavnostih, kot so skrb zase, šolanje in vključevanje v družbeno okolje. Pogosto se pojavljajo zdravstvene težave v obliki neprimernega vedenja, agresije, debelosti in zmanjšane fizične dejavnosti. Zaradi tega je uporaba nefarmakoloških pristopov k obvladovanju težavnega vedenja še toliko bolj pomembna, saj omogoča podporo na socialnem, telesnem in psihološkem področju. Namen: Namen pregleda literature je raziskati in predstaviti nefarmakološke pristope obravnave težavnega vedenja oseb z motnjo v duševnem razvoju, saj se s tem zmanjša potreba po predpisovanju in aplikaciji pomirjeval zaradi težavnega vedenja. Metode dela: Narejen je bil pregled literature, objavljene med leti 2015 in 2025 v bibliografskih podatkovnih zbirkah CINAHL Ultimate; MEDLINE in ERIC. V analizo je bilo vključenih 22 člankov. Rezultati: Nefarmakološki pristopi imajo pozitivne učinke na telesno, čustveno in socialno funkcioniranje oseb z motnjo v duševnem razvoju. Športne dejavnosti izboljšujejo telesno zmogljivost, ravnotežje in mišično moč, prav tako zmanjšujejo simptome anksioznosti, depresije in vedenjskih težav. Glasbena, plesno-gibalna in likovna terapija vplivajo na boljšo čustveno regulacijo, socialno vključenost, izboljšajo komunikacijo in samopodobo. Kognitivno stimulativna terapija in prilagoditve okolja pozitivno vplivajo na razpoloženje, vedenje in kakovost življenja. Razprava in zaključek: Nefarmakološki pristopi, ki so najpogosteje uporabljeni in so najbolj učinkoviti, pomembno prispevajo k izboljšanju vedenja in kakovosti življenja oseb z motnjo v duševnem razvoju. Ključna je individualna obravnava posameznikov, saj se osebe razlikujejo glede na stopnjo prizadetosti, sposobnosti in želje. Medicinske sestre imajo pri zmanjševanju težavnega vedenja in kakovosti življenja oseb z motnjo v duševnem razvoju pomembno vlogo, saj lahko te pristope implementirajo v proces zdravstvene nege in tako naredijo oskrbo teh oseb bolj individualno in celostno. V prihodnosti bodo potrebne podrobnejše raziskave, ki bi raziskale uporabo teh pristopov v zdravstveni negi in raziskave, ki bodo preučevale njihovo uporabo v Sloveniji. Introduction: Intellectual disabilities are defined as permanent limitations in cognitive functioning that cause individuals to experience difficulties in daily activities, such as self-care, education and social integration. Health issues often manifest as inappropriate behaviour, aggression, obesity and reduced physical activity. Therefore, the use of non-pharmacological approaches to managing challenging behaviour is even more important, as it provides support in social, physical and psychological domains. Purpose: The purpose of this literature review is to explore and present non-pharmacological approaches to managing challenging behaviours in individuals with intellectual disabilities, as this reduces the need to prescribe and administer sedatives for such behaviours. Methods: A review of literature published between 2015 and 2025 in the bibliographic databases CINAHL Ultimate, MEDLINE and ERIC was conducted. A total of 22 articles were included in the analysis. Results: Non-pharmacological approaches have positive effects on the physical, emotional and social functioning of individuals with intellectual disabilities. Sports activities improve physical performance, balance and muscle strength and reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression and behavioural problems. Music, dance movement and art therapy contribute to better emotional regulation, social inclusion, communication and self-image. Cognitive-stimulating therapy and environmental adaptations have a positive impact on mood, behaviour and quality of life. Discussion and conclusion: Non-pharmacological approaches, which are most commonly used and most effective, make a significant contribution to improving the behaviour and quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities. An individualised approach is key, as people differ in terms of the severity of their disability, their abilities and their preferences. Nurses play a significant role in reducing challenging behaviours and improving the quality of life for individuals with intellectual disabilities, as they can integrate these approaches into the nursing care process, thereby making care for these individuals more individualised and holistic. Further research is needed to explore the application of these approaches in nursing care, as well as studies examining their use in Slovenia. diplomska dela zdravstvena nega intelektualna razvojna motnja problematično vedenje težavno vedenje kakovost življenja diploma theses nursing care intellectual developmental disorder problematic behaviour challenging behaviour quality of life true false false [A. Verhnjak] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-07-05 07:47:31 2026-07-05 07:47:37 2026-07-13 10:13:06 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Ljubljana 0 Ljubljana VII, 29 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 616-083 160294 284525315 59573.pdf 59573.pdf 1 ABFD9688DCFCD692D66D9FFB0BAD1AAF 82a7ab92c5d93c6174c9a8d7721fd9bf5e9f24ca34aab8749eaa17ea3f26f334 e9d3438c-7834-11f1-9b0d-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=237038 Zdravstvena fakulteta 0 0 0