20.500.12556/RUL-184093 Z vadbo povezana termoregulacija pri ženskah Exercise-related thermoregulation in women Človeško telo ohranja telesno temperaturo s pomočjo termoregulacije, ki vključuje vedenjske mehanizme, kot sta iskanje sence in preoblačenje, ter avtonomne mehanizme, kot sta potenje in uravnavanje pretoka krvi. Med vadbo se zaradi povečane metabolne aktivnosti sprošča toplota, kar lahko povzroči toplotni stres in zmanjša telesno zmogljivost. Vadba je torej izziv za učinkovitost termoregulacijskih odzivov, ki so med drugim odvisni od spola. Zaradi razlik v telesnih značilnostih in hormonskem profilu se lahko ženske na toplotne obremenitve odzivajo drugače kot moški. Pri tem ima pomembno vlogo tudi menstrualni cikel, saj nihanja estrogena in progesterona vplivajo na srčno-žilne funkcije, kar lahko spremeni termoregulacijske odzive. Namen pričujočega članka je bil pregledati literaturo, ki obravnava razlike v termoregulaciji med spoloma, s poudarkom na vplivu menstrualnega cikla. Razumevanje teh razlik je ključno za zmanjševanje toplotnega stresa in optimizacijo zmogljivosti posameznic skozi različne faze ciklusa. Za boljše razumevanje termoregulacije so potrebne nadaljnje raziskave, ki naj se usmerijo predvsem v sistematično proučevanje vseh faz menstrualnega cikla in primerjavo njihovih učinkov na termoregulacijo ter v poenotenje raziskovalnih protokolov z doslednejšim nadzorom vključitvenih kriterijev in motečih dejavnikov, kot so aklimatizacija, hidracija in telesna pripravljenost, okoljski dejavniki ter uporaba oz. neuporaba hormonske kontracepcije. The human body maintains more or less stable temperature through thermoregulation, which involves behavioural mechanisms such as seeking shade and changing clothes, and autonomic mechanisms such as sweating and blood flow regulation. During exercise, increased metabolic activity releases heat, which can lead to heat stress and consequently reduce physical performance. Physical activity therefore presents a challenge to the efficiency of thermoregulatory responses, which, among other factors, also depend on sex. Due to differences in physical characteristics and hormonal profiles, women may respond to heat stress differently than men. The menstrual cycle also plays a significant role, as fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels affect cardiovascular function, which can alter thermoregulatory responses. The aim of the present article was to review the literature on sex differences in thermoregulation, with a focus on the influence of the menstrual cycle. Understanding these differences is essential for reducing heat stress and optimizing individual performance across various phases of the cycle. Further research is needed to deepen our understanding of thermoregulation, focusing primarily on: systematic study of all phases of the menstrual cycle and the comparison of their effects on thermoregulation; as well as standardizing research protocols with more consistent control of inclusion criteria and confounding factors such as acclimatization, hydration and physical fitness, environmental conditions, and use or non-use of hormonal contraception. šport telesna aktivnost termoregulacija vadba menstrualni cikel spol sport physical activity thermoregulation exercise menstrual cycle sex true false true Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Članek v reviji 2026-06-26 10:47:59 2026-06-26 10:48:01 2026-06-27 04:15:18 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 Str. 68-79 št. 3/4 Letn. 73 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 796.01 3024-0603 10.52165/sport.73.3-4.68-79 265073667 SPORT+3-4-25_068-079_Cesarek.pdf SPORT+3-4-25_068-079_Cesarek.pdf 1 1CC546CCD9D7FCFD0826B74BA2CFB08F b95be85015dfc5dd5393ad34baff48b6ad5812090dcc8e42d231bd35e16d81e1 cb7030ad-713c-11f1-9b0d-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=236561 https://journals.uni-lj.si/sport/article/view/23587 1 a7895e6b-713b-11f1-9b0d-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=236560 Fakulteta za šport Šport 0 0 0