20.500.12556/RUL-184084 Preučevanje enkapsuliranih azafulerenov na površini zlata Au(111) z vrstično tunelsko mikroskopijo Study of encapsulated azafullerenes on gold Au(111) surface with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Organski radikali imajo velik potencial za uporabo v kvantnem računalništvu. Spin nesparjenega elektrona v zunanji lupini bi lahko namreč uporabili kot kubit. Največja ovira pa je, da so takšne molekule običajno zelo reaktivne in je težko preprečiti, da bi reagirale z okolico. V naši raziskavi smo se osredotočili na organske radikale azafulerena C$_{59}$N, ki ima v paru z molekulo cikloparafenilena [10]CPP potencial za podaljšano ohranitev radikalnega stanja. Zaščita temelji na ujetju okroglega azafulerena v obročastem cikloparafenilenu, kar imenujemo enkapsulacija. Radikal težko reagira s cikloparafenilenom, slednji pa ga izolira od okolice ter mu s tem oteži vezavo na druge snovi. Končni cilj raziskav je bil pridobiti površinsko plast azafulerenov enkapsuliranih v cikloparafenilenih. Kot podlago za nanos molekul smo uporabili zlato Au(111) zaradi svoje nizke reaktivnosti, hkrati pa nam je to omogočilo uporabo vrstičnega tunelskega mikroskopa (VTM), ki omogoča preiskovanje prevodnih materialov. V diplomski nalogi najprej predstavimo fizikalne osnove ter mehanske principe delovanja VTMja in načine zajemanja podatkov. Nato je predstavljen postopek priprave vzorcev in novi naparjevalnik, ki je bil izdelan za izvedbo eksperimentov, ki so predstavljeni v nalogi. Ti so predstavljeni v nadaljevanju skupaj z analizo podatkov. Najprej smo na čisto površino zlata Au(111) naparili posamezni komponenti; najprej le C$_{59}$N., nato pa le [10]CPP. Pred obdelavo meritev smo morali izvesti še kalibracijo VTMja. Na koncu smo pripravili še vzorec, na katerega smo naparili obe vrsti molekul. Z analizo različnih pripravljenih struktur smo z visoko verjetnostjo potrdili nastanek posameznih enkapsuliranih azafulerenov. Organic radicals hold great potential for application in quantum computing. Namely, the spin of their unpaired electron in the outer shell could be utilized as a qubit. The primary obstacle, however, is that such molecules are typically highly reactive, making it difficult to prevent them from reacting with their environment. In our research, we focused on the organic radical azafullerene C$_{59}$N, which, when paired with the cycloparaphenylene [10]CPP molecule, shows potential for prolonged preservation of its radical state. The protection is based on a process called encapsulation, where the spherical azafullerene is captured within the ring-shaped cycloparaphenylene. The radical seldom bonds with the cycloparaphenylene, which isolates it from the environment and thereby hinders its bonding with other substances. The ultimate goal of this research was to obtain a surface layer of azafullerenes encapsulated within cycloparaphenylenes. To provide a stable base for molecular deposition, we used Au(111) gold substrates due to their low reactivity, which at the same time enabled the use of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) that allows the investigation of conducting materials. The thesis first introduces the physical foundations and mechanical principles of STM operation, along with various data acquisition modes it provides. Next, the sample preparation process is presented, along with the new evaporator, which was built to conduct the experiments presented in the thesis. These are presented later on, alongside the data analysis. First, we deposited the individual components onto a clean Au(111) gold surface; initially only C$_{59}$N, and then only [10]CPP. Prior to processing the measurements, we also had to perform the calibration of the STM. Finally, we prepared a sample onto which both types of molecules were deposited. By analyzing the various prepared structures, we confirmed with high probability the formation of individual encapsulated azafullerenes. Vrstični tunelski mikroskop VTM Azafuleren Cikloparafenilen zlato Au(111) Scanning tunneling microscope STM Azafullerene Cycloparaphenylene gold Au(111) true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Zaključna naloga 2026-06-26 08:15:07 2026-06-26 08:15:24 2026-06-29 10:51:59 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 160524 282705155 21903.pdf 21903.pdf 1 F5F82C0F1A0DBD964C59B94607DCEB21 6cfd4e59110e627c6bbe4a5c4e77fe9d9d7a84d322a2a780bd678084b6e9162e 559aa151-7126-11f1-9b0d-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=236549 Fakulteta za matematiko in fiziko 0 0 0