20.500.12556/RUL-183870 Fungicidne lastnosti lesa, impregniranega s kvaternimi amonijevimi spojinami Fungicidal properties of selected wood impreganted with quaternary ammonium compounds Namen diplomske naloge je bil ugotoviti ter primerjati fungicidne lastnosti novejšega biocida, ki temelji na kvarternih amonijevih spojinah, polimernega betaina, z že obstoječim, na trgu znanim pripravkom alkil dimetil benzil amonijevim kloridom (ADBAC). Učinkovitost delovanja proti glivam rjave (Gloeophyllum trabeum) in bele (Trametes versicolor) smo ugotavljali v skladu s standardom SIST EN 113 (1995). V preizkusu smo uporabili vzorce iz bukve (Fagus sylvatica) in beljave bora (Pinus sylvestris), ki smo jih vakuumsko-tlačno impregnirali z vodnimi raztopinami obeh biocidov v masnih koncentracijah 0,1 %, 0,25 % in 0,5 %. Polovico preizkušancev smo izpostavili umetnem staranju z izpiranjem v skladu s standardom SIST EN 84 (1996). Dodatno smo preverjali učinkovitost polimernega betaina v primeru nanašanja s premazovanjem proti glivam modrivkam v skladu s standardom SIST EN 152-1 (1996), ter štirimesečni izpostavitvi zunanjim vplivom. Ugotovili smo, da je učinkovitost obeh aktivnih učinkovin močno povezana z uporabljeno koncentracijo. Pri koncentraciji 0,1 % ter 0,25 % je bila zaščita nezadostna, pri 0,5 % sta oba biocida dosegla medsebojno primerljivo učinkovitost z izgubo mase pod 5 %. Izpiranje je sicer zmanjšalo učinkovitost, vendar zaradi majhnih razlik lahko sklepamo, da je fiksacija v sam les učinkovita. Površinski nanos polimernega betaina je bil proti modrenju opaznejše učinkovit v koncentracijah 0,25 % ter 0,5 %, ni pa popolnoma preprečil razvoja gliv modrivk. Kot samostojen površinski premaz ni bil učinkovit v zunanjih pogojih, saj nismo opazili razlike med zaščitenimi in kontrolnimi vzorci. The purpose of this thesis was to determine and compare the fungicidal properties of a newer biocide based on quaternary ammonium compounds, polymeric betaine, with an existing, commercially known preparation, alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC). The efficacy against brown rot (Gloeophyllum trabeum) and white rot (Trametes versicolor) fungi was determined according to the SIST EN 113 (1995) standard. In the test, we used samples of beech (Fagus sylvatica) and pine (Pinus sylvestris), which were vacuum-pressure impregnated with aqueous solutions of both biocides at mass concentrations of 0.1%, 0.25%, and 0.5%. Half of the test specimens were subjected to artificial aging by leaching according to the SIST EN 84 (1996) standard, which simulated washing out by rain. Additionally, we tested the effectiveness of polymeric betaine as a coating agent against blue-stain fungi according to the SIST EN 152-1 (1996) standard and during a 4-month exposure to external conditions. It was found that the efficacy of both preparations is strongly linked to the concentration used. At concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%, the protection was insufficient, while at 0.5%, both biocides achieved comparable efficacy with a mass loss below 5%. Although leaching reduced the efficacy, the minor differences suggest, that the fixation into the wood itself is effective. The surface application of polymeric betaine was noticeably more effective against blue-stain fungi at 0.25% and 0.5%, but it did not completely prevent staining. As a standalone surface coating, it was not effective under outdoor conditions, as no difference was observed between the protected and control samples. zaščita lesa kvaterne amonijeve spojine fungicidna učinkovitost wood preservation quarternary ammonium compounds fungicidal efficacy true false false [J. Popelar] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-06-20 07:15:35 2026-06-20 07:15:48 2026-06-30 10:43:15 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 630*844.41(043.2) 280154 283056643 57754.pdf 57754.pdf 1 D2D6A5706EDB9DF4DD8D7A9746F351D8 5656779b4ca164a7ffbbe31a9ff62e71e027763c3b0306ebfc8ebae2f55b6ef8 07ea8e89-6c67-11f1-9b0d-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=236177 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0