20.500.12556/RUL-183721 The effect of plyometric training on gymnasts a systematic review and meta-analysis Vpliv vadbe pliometrije na telovadce The jumping action plays a fundamental role in the performance of all gymnastics modalities, most of which are plyometric in nature. This is based on the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) and leads to an improvement in the reactive capacity of the muscles involved. The objectives are (1) to review the state of the scientific literature on plyometric training in gymnasts; and (2) to identify which moderating variables are most important. A systematic review was carried out according to the PRISMA guidelines in the WoS, Scopus, PubMed and SportDiscus databases. Seventy-two papers were identified, with 54 remaining after removing duplicates. Finally, 10 papers that met the inclusion criteria were included, of which only 7 were used for meta-analysis. Review Manager 5.4 software was used. The effects of plyometric training on countermovement jump (CMJ) and drop jump (DJ), as well as the moderating variables of the training, were analysed. Plyometric training was applied to gymnasts aged 8.1 ± 0.7 to 13 ± 2 years. Training lasted at least 8 weeks (ME = 9.5) with 1 to 3 weekly sessions, typically 2. Session durations ranged from 7to 90 minutes, with 54to 278 jumps per session (Me = 175). Rest periods between sets were 15to 60 seconds, and between exercises, 1to 5 minutes. Protocols included bilateral and unilateral exercises, and short SSC exercises were combined with long SSC exercises. It is confirmed that plyometric training improves the performance of CMJ and DJ in gymnasts, with greater improvement observed in the latter. Subgroup analyses do not provide reliable results due to the small number of studies, although differences were found between surfaces and in the number of sets. Dejavnost odriva ima temeljno vlogo pri vseh zvrsteh telovadbe, večina teh dejanj pa je po naravi pliometričnih. Temeljijo na raztezno-skrčljivem ciklu (ang. Stretch shortening cycle – SSC) in izboljšujejo odzivno sposobnost vključenih mišic. Cilja sta bila: (1) pregledati stanje znanstvenih objav o uporabi pliometrične vadbe pri telovadcih in (2) preveriti, katere vplivne spremenljivke so najpomembnejše. Po vodilu PRISMA je bil opravljen pregled zbirk WoS, Scopus, PubMed in SportDiscus. Našli smo 72 prispevkov; po izločitvi dvojnikov jih je ostalo 54. Končno je merilo vključitve izpolnjevalo 10 del, od katerih je bilo 7 uporabljenih za meta-razčlenitev. Uporabljen je bil program Review Manager 5.4. Ocenili smo učinke pliometrične vadbe na skok z nasprotnim gibanjem (ang. Counter movement jump – CMJ) in skok v globino (ang drop jump – DJ) ter vplivne spremenljivke vadbe. Pliometrična vadba je bila uporabljena pri telovadcih, starih od 8,1 ± 0,7 do 13 ± 2 let. Trajala je najmanj 8 tednov (osrednja vrednost – mediana 9,5), z 1 do 3 tedenskimi vadbami, najpogosteje 2. Posamezna vadba je trajala 7–90 minut, opravljenih je bilo 54–278 skokov na vadbo (osrednja vrednost 175). Počitek med sklopi je trajal 15–60 sekund, med vajami 1–5 minut. Postopki so vključevali vaje z obema nogama in z eno nogo, kratke SSC pa so bile povezane z dolgimi SSC vajami. Potrjeno je, da pliometrična vadba izboljša dosežek pri CMJ in DJ, pri čemer je izboljšanje večje pri DJ. Razčlenitve po podskupinah ne dajejo zanesljivih sklepov zaradi majhnega števila del, so pa bile opažene razlike med podlagami in v številu sklopov. sport plyometrics jump gymnastics acrobatics performance šport gimnastika pliometrija skok akrobatika telovadba nastop true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Podatek o licenci CC BY-SA 4.0 je naveden na pristajalni strani članka (glej zgoraj izvorni URL). (Datum opombe: 19. 6. 2026) Članek v reviji 2026-06-17 15:27:41 2026-06-19 13:08:19 2026-06-20 04:19:56 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 Str. 397-420, 508 iss. 3 Vol. 17 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 796.41 1855-7171 10.52165/sgj.17.3.397-420 273068547 397_Rodriguez_article.pdf 397_Rodriguez_article.pdf 1 34F3485E1F2B1750247EBE566ACF0AEC 202d6f6b48c1f61ddd4f9ae59754488ae77e55f4146ca3957ffe89d4baf60b0a 50e987fe-6a50-11f1-9b0d-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=235874 https://journals.uni-lj.si/sgj/article/view/19807 0 4688d1b6-6bcf-11f1-9b0d-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=236127 Fakulteta za šport 0 0 0