20.500.12556/RUL-182840 Quality assessment of selected vitamins and minerals in effervescent food supplements Effervescent tablets (ETs) are a popular form of food supplement due to their convenience and taste. However, their quality and regulatory compliance remain insufficiently investigated. This study assessed the composition and labelling quality of ETs, focusing on vitamins (D, B12, C) and the minerals zinc, calcium, magnesium, and iron. Altogether, 71 products were purchased in Slovenia, mostly international brands (87.3 %). The purchased samples were analysed, using standards applicable to food control authorities. The laboratory analyses revealed that overall 11 % of the products deviated from the declared nutrient values beyond permitted tolerance limits, with the highest non-compliance (24 %) observed in ETs containing vitamin D. Over half of the products (55 %) contained at least one micronutrient exceeding the reference daily intake values, and 18 % surpassed established Tolerable Upper Intake levels (ULs), raising safety concerns. All majority of these cases were linked to magnesium content. Although most products declared the chemical forms of nutrients, 14 % did not provide this information. Additionally, 13 % of the declared health claims failed to comply with EU regulatory standards. This study highlights major substantial shortcomings in the quality control, labelling transparency, and regulatory compliance of ET. The results call for stronger oversight, harmonised standards, and better consumer awareness. effervescent tablets food supplements quality assessment labelling compliance nutricionistika šumeče tablete prehranska dopolnila ocena kakovosti skladnost označbe true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2026-05-25 13:59:35 2026-05-25 13:59:36 2026-05-26 04:35:53 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 10 str. art. 108803 Vol. 149 2026 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 613.2 1096-0481 10.1016/j.jfca.2025.108803 264763139 1-s2.0-S0889157525016199-main.pdf 1-s2.0-S0889157525016199-main.pdf 1 9FD44BDFD566FD1E1A37561FB3D56858 8a92f49010f84bbab2973508e7c6235452fc1c9244d00277beed37c4ab8918ce 56ae528b-5831-11f1-b0ab-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=234429 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889157525016199 0 159e7293-5831-11f1-b0ab-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=234428 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0