20.500.12556/RUL-182391 Dojenje in poškodbe bradavic diplomsko delo Breastfeeding and nipple trauma diploma work Uvod: Dojenje je glavni vir novorojenčkove prehrane, vendar je to pogosto zaradi različnih razlogov predčasno prekinjeno. Eden najpogostejših vzrokov za opustitev dojenja so boleče in poškodovane bradavice. Pomembno je, da zdravstveni delavci poznajo vzroke za nastanek poškodb ter ukrepe za preprečevanje in lajšanje poškodb. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je opredeliti učinkovite ukrepe za preprečevanje poškodb bradavic v povezavi z dojenjem ter predstaviti ukrepe, s katerimi lahko te poškodbe učinkovito omilimo. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna oziroma opisna metoda dela s pregledom strokovne in znanstvene literature. Za pregled literature je bil uporabljen Prisma diagram. Časovni okvir iskanja je bil od leta 2020 do 2026. Literatura pa je bila iskana med oktobrom in decembrom 2025. Iskanje je potekalo v podatkovnih bazah PubMed, Science Direct in CINAHL v angleškem jeziku s ključnimi besedami breastfeeding, nipple trauma, ter prevention oziroma treatment, ki so bile med sabo povezane z operatorjem AND. V končno analizo je bilo vključenih 12 člankov, ki so bili ocenjeni po osemstopenjski lestvici kakovosti. Rezultati: Poškodbe bradavic so se izkazale kot pogost zaplet dojenja predvsem v zgodnjem poporodnem obdobju. Najučinkovitejši ukrep za preprečevanje in obravnavo poškodb je ustrezno izobraževanje o pravilni tehniki dojenja. Prav tako so za obravnavo poškodb učinkoviti različni lokalni, zaščitni in negovalni pristopi, kot so verniks, obloge iz čebeljega voska, lanolin, hidrogelne obloge ter srebrni ščitniki za bradavice. Naprednejše terapevtske metode, kot so kirurški posegi in svetlobna terapija, pa so učinkovite v primeru hujših poškodb, vendar literatura poudarja pomanjkanje visokokakovostnih raziskav in potrebo po nadaljnjem znanstvenem raziskovanju. Razprava in zaključek: Pogosta pojavnost poškodb bradavic v zgodnjem poporodnem obdobju poudarja potrebo po ustrezni podpori doječim materam. Najpogostejši vzrok za pojav poškodb je nepravilno pristavljanje ter razni biomehanski dejavniki, zato imajo ključno vlogo preventiva, zgodnje izobraževanje, strokovna podpora ter vključevanje partnerja. Med preventivnimi in kurativnimi ukrepi se najpogosteje uporabljajo materino mleko in lanolin; obetavni so tudi nekateri sodobni in naravni pristopi, čeprav so dokazi njihove učinkovitosti neenotni. Obravnava poškodb zahteva celosten, individualno prilagojen pristop, kjer je temelj pravilna tehnika dojenja, ostali ukrepi pa so dopolnilo. Kljub razpoložljivim možnostim še vedno ni dovolj kakovostnih dokazov, zato so potrebne nadaljnje raziskave. Introduction: Breastfeeding is the primary source of nutrition for a newborn, but it is often prematurely discontinued for various reasons. One of the most common causes for stopping breastfeeding is painful and damaged nipples. Healthcare professionals must understand the causes of nipple trauma and know the measures for preventing and managing nipple injuries. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to identify the effective preventive measures for nipple trauma and the effective measures for its treatment. Methods: A descriptive research method was used, based on a review of professional and scientific literature. The Prisma diagram was used to guide the literature review. A time frame from 2020 to 2026 was applied. The literature search was conducted between October and December of 2025 in the English language using the keywords breastfeeding, nipple trauma, and prevention or treatment, combined with the operators AND and OR, across the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and CINAHL databases. A total of 12 articles were included in the analysis and evaluated using an eight-level quality assessment scale. Results: Nipple damage is a common complication of breastfeeding, particularly in the early postpartum period. The most effective measure for the prevention and management of nipple injuries is appropriate education on correct breastfeeding techniques. Various local, protective, and nourishing approaches, such as vernix, beeswax dressings, lanolin, hydrogel dressings, and silver nipple shields, have also been shown to be effective in the management of nipple injuries. More advanced therapeutic methods, including surgical interventions and light therapy, may be effective in cases of severe injuries. However, the literature highlights a lack of high-quality studies and the need for further scientific research. Discussion and conclusion: The high prevalence of nipple damage in the early postpartum period highlights the need for appropriate support for breastfeeding mothers. The most frequent cause is incorrect latching, along with various biomechanical factors, which is why prevention, early education, professional support, and partner involvement play a key role. Among preventive and therapeutic measures, breast milk and lanolin are most commonly used, while some modern and natural approaches also show promise, although evidence of their effectiveness is inconsistent. Management of nipple injuries requires a comprehensive, individualized approach with correct breastfeeding technique as the foundation and other measure a complementary support. Despite the available options, there is still insufficient high-quality evidence, highlighting the need for further research. diplomska dela babištvo dojenje poškodovane bradavice preventiva obravnava diploma theses midwifery breastfeeding nipple trauma prevention treatment true false false [S. Krnc] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-05-09 07:45:36 2026-05-09 07:45:48 2026-05-11 07:40:22 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Ljubljana 0 Ljubljana VII, 30 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 618.2/.7 159671 277628163 59072.pdf 59072.pdf 1 CBC363E4661DE989B474EB2DF8AD2520 060dffac55f1261cfe9b96291a7b58d46901ef4ee67de097dd1b5d18444c5985 099470a1-4b6a-11f1-b0ab-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=233588 Zdravstvena fakulteta 0 0 0