20.500.12556/RUL-181949 Preservative retention and penetration in Norway spruce wood as influenced by different microwave treatment energy levels Norway spruce (Picea abies) is often used in construction but is difficult to impregnate with wood preservatives due to pit aspiration, limiting its treatability. The low natural durability of spruce necessitates preservation treatments. Microwave treatment improves the permeability, increasing preservative retention and penetration. However, treatability assessment has often been conducted using visual methods, which can over - or underestimate success. This study used image processing to evaluate MW-treated spruce's treatability with two water-based preservatives. The effect of MW treatment at five energy levels was analysed for sapwood and heartwood. The results showed improved retention values and penetration percentages for the MW-treated sapwood and the heartwood. The retention values of both preservatives increased between 50% and 124% for different treatment combinations. Spruce heartwood MW-treated with 1260 MJ/m$^3$ improved treatability by 24% when analysed with ImageJ. The anatomical analysis showed that the effect of MW on heartwood was more pronounced than on sapwood, leading to the destruction of rays and parenchyma cells that facilitated the absorption and penetration of the preservatives. The study demonstrates the potential of ImageJ for more accurate treatability assessment and suggests that MW treatment if optimised, could improve the natural durability of spruce wood. wood preservation treatability ImageJ analysis anatomical analysis pit aspiration zaščita lesa možnost obdelave analiza ImageJ anatomska analiza aspiracija pikenj true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2026-04-20 15:00:26 2026-04-20 15:00:30 2026-04-21 06:26:20 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 Str. 1211–1223 no. 2 Vol. 21 2026 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 630*8 1748-0280 10.1080/17480272.2025.2471959 229518595 Preservative_retention_and_penetration_in_Norway_spruce_wood_as_influenced_by_different_microwave_treatment_energy_levels.pdf Preservative_retention_and_penetration_in_Norway_spruce_wood_as_influenced_by_different_microwave_treatment_energy_levels.pdf 1 678451DE946755FE6B66205E73F50D19 541ff9e6c80189e700b4b82a327d4262c739b03b77c08b467b6b280d3c5fea9d 8f42dff8-3cba-11f1-b0ab-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=232768 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17480272.2025.2471959 0 ad9e080a-3cb8-11f1-b0ab-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=232766 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0