20.500.12556/RUL-181341 Razširjenost mediteranske prehrane med odraslimi prebivalci Slovenije Prevalence of Mediterranian diet among adult population in Slovenia Mediteranska prehrana (MP) ima med različnimi načini prehranjevanja dokazano varovalni učinek za preprečevanje razvoja kronično nenalezljivih bolezni. Zaradi globalizacije in vedno večjega uživanja visoko predelanih energijsko bogatih živil pa razširjenost MP kljub temu upada. Namen našega raziskovalnega dela je bil oceniti razširjenost MP med odraslimi prebivalci Slovenije in preučiti lastnosti posameznikov, ki se pogosteje prehranjujejo skladno z MP v primerjavi s tistimi, ki se ne. Na podlagi podatkov, pridobljenih z raziskavo SI.Menu 2017/18, smo na reprezentativnem vzorcu 850 odraslih, od tega 406 moških in 444 žensk, starih med 18 in 74 let, ocenili skladnost prehrane z MP. S pomočjo podatkov iz vprašalnika o pogostosti uživanja živil smo za oceno MP uporabili indeks mediteranske prehrane. Z ustreznimi statističnimi testi smo preučili povezave med skladnostjo prehrane in drugimi značilnostmi, kot so spol, starost, kohezijska regija, telesna dejavnost, socialno-ekonomski status, indeks telesne mase in izbrane bolezni. Rezultati so pokazali, da se skladno z MP prehranjuje manj kot tretjina preiskovancev, pri čemer se skladno s smernicami pogosteje prehranjujejo ženske (39,9 %), odrasli, stari 65 in več (36 %), in prebivalci Zahodne Slovenije (33,8 %). Med odraslimi, mlajšimi od 65 let, smo ugotovili, da je višja skladnost z MP povezana z večjo telesno dejavnostjo, višjim socialno-ekonomskih statusom in indeksom telesne mase, nižjim od 25 kg/m². MP je bolj razširjena med odraslimi, starejšimi od 65, ki nimajo zvišanega krvnega tlaka (41,7 %), v primerjavi s tistimi, ki ga imajo (30,5 %). Odrasle prebivalce Slovenije moramo spodbujati, da se bolj približajo smernicam MP, zlasti pri tistih skupinah, pri katerih smo zaznali večje neskladje prehrane z MP. Ukrepi naj poudarjajo večji vnos cenovno dostopnih živil in hkrati omejevanje vnosa visoko predelanih energijsko bogatih živil. Among various diets, the Mediterranean diet (MD) has been shown to have a protective effect in preventing the development of chronic non-communicable diseases. However, due to globalization and the increasing consumption of highly processed, energy-dense foods, the prevalence of the MD is nevertheless declining. The purpose of our research was to assess the prevalence of the MD among the adult population of Slovenia and to examine the characteristics of individuals who eat more in line with the MD compared to those who do not. Based on data obtained from the SI.Menu 2017/18 survey, we assessed the dietary compliance with the MD guidelines on a representative sample of 850 adults, 406 men and 444 women, aged between 18 and 74. Using data from the questionnaire on food consumption frequency, we used the Mediterranean diet score to assess the MD. We used appropriate statistical tests to examine associations between dietary compliance and other characteristics such as gender, age, cohesion region, physical activity, socioeconomic status, body mass index, and selected diseases. The results showed that less than a third of respondents eat in accordance with the MD, with women (39.9%), adults aged 65 and over (36%), and residents of western Slovenia (33.8%) eating more frequently in accordance with MD guidelines. Among adults below the age of 65, we found that higher compliance with the MD was associated with greater physical activity, a higher socioeconomic status, and a body mass index lower than 25 kg/m². The MD is more prevalent among adults over 65 who do not have high blood pressure (41.7%) compared to those who do (30.5%). We must encourage the adult population of Slovenia to eat more in line with MD guidelines, especially those groups where we have identified greater discrepancies between their diet and the MD. Measures should emphasize increased consumption of affordable foods while limiting consumption of highly processed, energy-dense foods. mediteranska prehrana indeks mediteranske prehrane socialno-ekonomski status indeks telesne mase srčno-žilne bolezni Mediterranean diet Mediterranean diet score socioeconomic status body mass index cardiovascular diseases true false false [J. Krampelj] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2026-04-02 07:15:55 2026-04-02 07:16:05 2026-04-03 04:21:05 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 613.2(292.46) 279270 273993475 57104.pdf 57104.pdf 1 F9F939D84CFD6BE675A2BA7B2095BBB0 0787583fe497485ad43b5246de961ba99bfd5218351494c7f590b1e2121cbfa8 e2e581a1-2e52-11f1-b0ab-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=231718 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0