20.500.12556/RUL-180549 Gender variations in physical literacy and objectively and subjectively measured physical activity cross-sectional study in elementary school students Razlike med spoloma v gibalni pismenosti ter objektivno in subjektivno izmerjeni telesni dejavnosti presečna študija pri učencih osnovnih šol Background: Physical literacy (PL) is a key factor in maintaining physical activity (PA) among youth, but its link to physical activity levels (PALs), both measured objectively and subjectively, is still unclear—especially in preadolescents. Purpose: This study examined gender differences in PL and PAL and explored links between PL and both objectively (accelerometry) and subjectively (PAQ-C) measured PA in Croatian elementary school children. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 154 children (63 girls, 91 boys) aged 8–10 assessed PL using the PLAYself questionnaire and PAL using accelerometers and the PAQ-C. Gender differences were analyzed with the Mann–Whitney U test and effect sizes, and PL–PA associations were examined using Spearman's correlation. Results: Boys reported higher PAQ-C scores (3.57 vs. 3.17, p=0.001), more daily steps (11330 vs. 9664, p = 0.04), and greater vigorous PA (39.05 vs. 19.63 min/day, p=0.001). Girls scored higher in the literacy subdomain of the PL (223.00 vs. 202.26, p=0.03), but no significant gender differences were found in total PL scores. The correlations between the PL and PAQ-C were stronger in boys (r=0.58) than in girls (r=0.30), whereas the correlations with accelerometer-derived PA were weak or nonsignificant. Discussion and Conclusions: Findings show gender differences in PA levels but not in PL. The mismatch between subjective and objective PA measures highlights the value of using both. Results point to the need for targeted efforts to boost vigorous PA in girls and suggest that self-reported PA may better reflect PL in this age group. Gibalna pismenost (PL) je ključni dejavnik za ohranjanje telesne dejavnosti (PA) med mladimi, vendar je njena povezava z nivojem telesne dejavnosti (PAL), tako objektivno kot subjektivno izmerjene, še vedno nejasna – zlasti pri predadolescentih. Namen: Študija je preučevala razlike med spoloma v PL in PAL ter raziskala povezave med PL in telesno dejavnostjo, izmerjeno objektivno (akcelerometrija) in subjektivno (PAQ-C), pri hrvaških osnovnošolcih. Metode: V presečni študiji, ki je zajela 154 otrok (63 deklic, 91 dečkov), starih 8–10 let, je bila PL ocenjena s vprašalnikom PLAYself, PAL pa z akcelerometri in PAQ-C. Razlike med spoloma so bile analizirane z Mann–Whitneyjevim U-testom, velikosti učinkov povezanosti PL in PA pa s Spearmanovo korelacijo. Rezultati: Dečki so poročali o višjih rezultatih PAQ-C (3,57 vs. 3,17; p = 0,001), več dnevnih korakov (11.330 vs. 9.664; p = 0,04) in več minutah intenzivne telesne dejavnosti (39,05 vs. 19,63 min/dan; p = 0,001). Deklice so dosegle višje rezultate v PL (223,00 vs. 202,26; p = 0,03), vendar med spoloma ni bilo pomembnih razlik. Povezanost med PL in PAQ-C je bila močnejša pri dečkih (r = 0,58) kot pri deklicah (r = 0,30), medtem ko so bile povezanosti s PA, iz akcelerometra, majhne ali nepomembne. Razprava in sklep: Ugotovitve kažejo na razlike med spoloma v ravni telesne dejavnosti, ne pa v PL. Neskladje med subjektivnimi in objektivnimi merami PA poudarja vrednost uporabe obeh pristopov. Rezultati kažejo na potrebo po ciljno usmerjenih prizadevanjih za povečanje intenzivne telesne dejavnosti pri deklicah ter nakazujejo, da lahko samoocenjena PA bolje odraža PL v tej starostni skupini. sport exercise accelerometry self-reported activity gender differences childhood development physical education šport vadba akcelometrija samoporočana aktivnost razlike med spoloma razvoj otrok športna vzgoja true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Podatek o licenci CC BY-SA 4.0 je naveden na pristajalni strani članka (glej zgoraj izvorni URL). (Datum opombe: 23. 3. 2026) Članek v reviji 2026-03-11 09:01:11 2026-03-11 09:01:12 2026-03-26 13:43:40 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 Str. 67-83 no. 3 Vol. 31 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 796.01 1318-2269 10.52165/kinsi.31.3.67-83 265633283 4_GilicSkugor_urejeno_novo_180549.pdf 4_GilicSkugor_urejeno_novo_180549.pdf 1 2061F1C1ED96824C871FA602D2F3AFE6 d6633b5f990b1461a37cf93f0068d7e9eaaf6892526fc47916057e48d948faf6 44a45bfe-1d41-11f1-b0ab-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=230074 https://journals.uni-lj.si/kinsi/article/view/22680 1 476ab915-26af-11f1-b0ab-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=231114 Fakulteta za šport Kinesiologia Slovenica 0 0 0