20.500.12556/RUL-180258 Immune response in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease insights into monocyte and lymphocyte subtypes and natural killer cells Background The immune response in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is understudied. Hypothesis/Objectives Investigate the populations of monocyte subtypes, natural killer cells (NK cells), and T lymphocyte subtypes in dogs with MMVD and their relationships with selected cytokines and echocardiographic parameters at different stages of the disease and in comparison to healthy dogs. Animals Eighty-one client-owned dogs: 64 with MMVD (preclinical stage, compensated congestive heart failure [CHF], decompensated CHF) and 17 healthy dogs Methods Cross-sectional study. Natural killer (NK) cells, monocyte subtypes, T lymphocyte subtypes, and B lymphocytes were identified using flow cytometry. Generalized linear models were used to compare variables between groups. Pairwise comparisons were performed using estimated marginal means with Tukey correction. P-value < .05 was considered significant. Results The percentage of monocytes was higher in dogs with compensated and decompensated CHF compared with preclinical dogs. The percentage of activated T helper lymphocytes was lower in compensated CHF compared with all other groups. No differences in percentages were found for monocyte subtypes, NK cells, cytotoxic, regulatory and double positive T lymphocytes, or B lymphocytes. Concentration of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 was higher in the decompensated CHF compared with all other groups, and the concentration of keratinocyte chemotactic-like chemokine was higher in the decompensated CHF compared with the preclinical group. Conclusions and clinical importance Higher concentrations and percentages of total monocytes and concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines in CHF suggest an inflammatory pathway in MMVD progression. Activated T helper lymphocytes may be downregulated in dogs with compensated CHF. canine congestive heart failure flow cytometry monocyte subtypes natural killer cells t regulatory cells cytokines psi kongestivno srčno popuščanje pretočna citometrija podtipi monocitov naravne celice ubijalke regulatorne celice T citokini true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2026-03-05 04:28:21 2026-03-05 10:15:44 2026-03-06 04:33:02 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 12 str. iss. 1, art. aalag028 Vol. 40 Jan./Feb. 2026 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 636.09:616.12-008.3:612 1939-1676 10.1093/jvimsj/aalag028 270465283 Cimerman_flow_JVIM_2026.pdf Cimerman_flow_JVIM_2026.pdf 1 4D52DBEA103D920F5F51E7031A7A4214 f221e14c4dbee01b0defe5b545d956beff8f9008796c0ac0fe30f10c2743341a b053f326-1873-11f1-a1ba-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=229462 https://academic.oup.com/jvim/article/40/1/aalag028/8497567 1 02547340-1843-11f1-a1ba-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=229443 Veterinarska fakulteta Pedagoška fakulteta Fakulteta za elektrotehniko Medicinska fakulteta 0 0 0