20.500.12556/RUL-179458 Uporaba barijevih kontrastnih sredstev v radiologiji diplomsko delo Using barium contrast agents in radiology diploma work Uvod: V uvodu je bila predstavljena vloga kontrastnih sredstev (KS) v medicinskih slikovnih preiskavah, njihova uporaba ter pomen za diagnostiko. Izpostavili smo tudi slabosti kontrastnih sredstev, kot so možnost neželenih učinkov in kratko opisali različne vrste KS ter področja uporabe. Uvod je služil kot temelj za razumevanje nadaljnjih vsebin diplomskega dela, kjer smo se osredotočili predvsem na barijeva kontrastna sredstva. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil predstaviti osnovne značilnosti in stranske učinke barijevih kontrastnih sredstev ter opozoriti na pomen pravilnega rokovanja z njimi v klinični praksi. Delo je poskušalo tudi osvetliti ključne dejavnike, ki vplivajo na varnost in učinkovitost barijevih sredstev ter kako ta sredstva prispevajo k diagnostiki v medicinskih slikovnih tehnikah. Metode dela: Diplomsko delo temelji na deskriptivni metodi z analizo obstoječe literature s področja radiologije in medicine. Literaturo smo zbirali v slovenskih in svetovnih podatkovnih bazah (Cobiss, RUL, PubMed, Science Direct itd.). Iskanje je potekalo med 8. in 30. avgustom 2024. Z uporabo vključitvenih in izključitvenih kriterijev smo izbrali 15 člankov, ki smo jih podrobneje analizirali. Rezultati: Rezultati so predstavljeni z vidika različnih vplivov barijevih kontrastnih sredstev na diagnostično natančnost pri slikovnih tehnikah, kot so VFSS, CT in mikro-CT. Obravnavani so bili ključni dejavniki, kot so struktura, viskoznost in varnost barijevih sredstev, ter njihov pomen za napovedovanje neželenih izidov, kot sta aspiracijska pljučnica ali poškodbe žil. Razprava in zaključek: V razpravi smo primerjali rezultate iz različnih študij ter ugotovili, da se barijeva kontrastna sredstva kljub razvoju novih kontrastnih pripravkov še vedno pogosto uporabljajo zaradi svoje visoke diagnostične vrednosti, predvsem pri preiskavah prebavil in funkcionalnih motenj požiranja. Razpravljali smo o možnih izboljšavah varnosti pri uporabi barijevih sredstev, zlasti glede pravilne izbire bolnikov, prilagoditve viskoznosti kontrastnega sredstva in upoštevanja kontraindikacij, kot je sum na perforacijo ali povečano tveganje za aspiracijo. Predstavljen je bil tudi pomen novih dvo-modalnih kontrastnih sredstev, ki združujejo barijeve spojine z drugimi slikovnimi modalitetami in kažejo potencial za nadaljnje izboljšanje diagnostične natančnosti. V zaključku smo poudarili glavne ugotovitve diplomskega dela ter izpostavili pomen pravilne in varne uporabe barijevih kontrastnih sredstev v klinični praksi. Podana so bila tudi priporočila za klinično delo ter smernice za prihodnje raziskave, ki bi se morale usmeriti v razvoj varnejših formulacij in nadaljnjo evalvacijo novih kontrastnih sredstev. Introduction: The introduction will present the role of contrast media (CM) in medical imaging examinations, their use, and significance for diagnostics. It will also highlight the drawbacks of contrast media, such as the possibility of adverse effects, and briefly describe different types of CM and their areas of application. The introduction will serve as a foundation for understanding the subsequent content of the thesis, which will focus mainly on barium contrast media. Purpose: The aim of this thesis is to present the basic characteristics and side effects of barium contrast media and to emphasize the importance of proper handling in clinical practice. The work will also seek to shed light on key factors that affect the safety and effectiveness of barium media and how these substances contribute to diagnostics in medical imaging techniques. Methods: The thesis is based on a descriptive method with an analysis of existing literature in the fields of radiology and medicine. The literature was collected from Slovenian and international databases (Cobiss, RUL, PubMed, Science Direct, etc.). The search took place between August 8 and August 30, 2024. Using inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 articles were selected for detailed analysis. Results: The results will be presented in terms of the various impacts of barium contrast media on diagnostic accuracy in imaging techniques such as VFSS, CT, and micro-CT. Key factors such as the structure, viscosity, and safety of barium media will be discussed, as well as their importance for predicting adverse outcomes such as aspiration pneumonia or vascular injury. Discussion and conclusion: In the discussion, we compared the results of various studies and found that barium contrast agents, despite the development of newer contrast preparations, are still frequently used due to their high diagnostic value, particularly in examinations of the gastrointestinal tract and functional swallowing disorders. We discussed possible improvements in safety when using barium agents, especially regarding appropriate patient selection, adjustment of contrast medium viscosity, and consideration of contraindications, such as suspected gastrointestinal perforation or increased risk of aspiration. The importance of new dual-modal contrast agents, which combine barium compounds with other imaging modalities and demonstrate potential for further improvement in diagnostic accuracy, was also presented. In the conclusion, we emphasized the main findings of the thesis and highlighted the importance of proper and safe use of barium contrast agents in clinical practice. Recommendations for clinical work were provided, along with guidelines for future research, which should focus on the development of safer formulations and further evaluation of new contrast agents. diplomska dela radiološka tehnologija kontrastna sredstva barijev sulfat diagnostika slikovne tehnike videofluoroskopija požiranja računalniška tomografija mikroračunalniška tomografija varnost stranski učinki diploma theses radiologic technology contrast agents barium sulfate diagnostics imaging techniques videofluoroscopy computed tomography micro-computed tomography safety side effects true false false [A. Debelak] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-02-14 07:45:36 2026-02-14 07:45:48 2026-02-18 04:22:07 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Ljubljana 0 Ljubljana 30 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 616-07 158492 268497411 58012.pdf 58012.pdf 1 9A618F21D7D38558523A962D45B805AF 1216ef118d9cc1962393cd778454654cf057852185e3e5d56dbb702bed7ebffd 9be18540-0970-11f1-a1ba-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=227985 Zdravstvena fakulteta 0 0 0