20.500.12556/RUL-177987 Vpliv rastišča na mikrobiom in ionom izbranih hiperakumulacijskih vrst iz rodu mošnjakov (Noccaea spp.) Habitat effects on the microbiome and ionome of selected hyperaccumulating pennycress species (Noccaea spp.) Hiperakumulacijske rastline odlikuje toleranca in kopičenje sicer strupenih koncentracij (pol)kovin, vloga mikrobioma pri tem fenomenu pa še ni v celoti opisana. V Sloveniji uspevata dve vrsti, ki hiperakumulirata cink (Zn) in kadmij (Cd): Noccaea caerulescens in N. praecox. Obe vrsti uspevata na neonesnaženem rastišču v Lokovcu, vrsta N. praecox pa uspeva tudi na rastišču v Žerjavu, kjer so tla močno onesnažena s Zn, Cd in svincem (Pb). Namen raziskave je bil proučiti mikrobiom, transkriptom, metabolom in kopičenje Zn in Cd ter ugotoviti vpliv gostitelja in okolja na odzive rastlin v naravi in kontroliranih pogojih. Raziskava je obsegala dva sklopa poskusov: (i) naravne populacije obeh vrst z neonesnaženega rastišča ter vrsto N. praecox z onesnaženega rastišča in (ii) transplantacijski poskus, kjer smo semena obeh ekotipov vrste N. praecox posadili v lokovški in žerjavski substrat. Pri obeh poskusih smo vzorčili cele rastline, vključno s koreninami in rizosfero ter izvedli analize talnega mikrobioma, transkriptoma in metaboloma v listih ter določili koncentracijo in razporeditev Zn, Cd in Pb v listih. Pri naravnih populacijah se mikrobioma rizosfere in korenin obeh vrst, ki uspevata na neonesnaženem rastišču, nista razlikovala, medtem ko sta bila mikrobioma ekotipov vrste N. praecox taksonomsko in funkcionalno različna. Analiza transkriptoma in metaboloma v listih je pokazala izraženost genov in akumulacijo metabolitov povezanih z visokimi koncentracijami kovin v tleh, kot so metabolizem glutationa, biosinteza fenilpropanoida ter flavonoidov. Ugotovili smo, da je bila izraženost nekaterih genov in akumulacija določenih metabolitov bodisi vrstno bodisi okoljsko specifična. V transplantacijskem poskusu je presaditev na drugi tip tal povzročila spremembo v pestrosti in zastopanosti mikrobnih taksonov, predvsem v rizosferi. V onesnaženem substratu smo v listih lokovškega ekotipa izmerili večje koncentracije Zn kot v listih žerjavskega ekotipa, pri čemer so bile opazne tudi razlike v razporeditvi Zn po listih. Rezultati obeh poskusov kažejo na kompleksnost hiperakumulacije ter poudarjajo pomembno vlogo ekotipa za optimizacijo fitoremediacije. Hyperaccumulating plants are characterized by their tolerance and ability to accumulate otherwise toxic concentration of metal(loid)s, yet the role of the microbiome remains poorly understood. In Slovenia, two zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) species occur naturally: Noccaea caerulescens and N. praecox, both of which grow at the non-metalliferous site in Lokovec, while N. praecox also occurs at the metalliferous site in Žerjav, polluted with Zn, Cd and lead (Pb). The aim of this study was to investigate the microbiome, transcriptome, metabolome, and metal accumulation, and to assess the effects of plant host and environment on plant responses under natural and controlled conditions. Two experimental approaches were used: (i) natural populations from non-metalliferous and metalliferous sites and (ii) a transplant experiment in which seeds of both N. praecox ecotypes were planted in Lokovec and Žerjav substrates. Whole plants, including roots and rhizosphere, were sampled for root-associated microbiome, leaf transcriptome and metabolome profiling, and determination of Zn, Cd and Pb in leaves. In natural populations, the root and rhizosphere microbiomes of the two species from Lokovec did not differ, whereas the microbiomes of N. praecox ecotypes were taxonomically and functionally distinct. The leaf transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed genes and metabolites associated with high metal concentrations, including pathways involved in glutathione metabolism, phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis, with species- and environment-specific patterns. In the transplant experiment, transfer to a different substrate led to changes in the diversity and relative abundance of microbial taxa, particularly in the rhizosphere. In the metalliferous substrate, higher Zn concentrations were measured in the leaves of the Lokovec ecotype compared to the Žerjav ecotype, and differences in the spatial distribution of Zn within leaves were also observed. The results of both experiments highlight the complexity of hyperaccumulation and emphasise the important role of ecotype selection for optimising phytoremediation. hiperakumulacijske vrste Noccaea praecox N. caerulescens s kovinami neonesnaženo območje s kovinami onesnaženo območje metagenom ionom hyperaccumulating species Noccaea praecox N. caerulescens non-metalliferous site metalliferous site metagenome ionome true false false [V. Bočaj] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Doktorsko delo/naloga 2026-01-15 07:16:15 2026-01-15 07:16:21 2026-01-16 19:16:09 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 1970-01-01 582.683.2(043.3) 278559 265078531 56139.pdf 56139.pdf 1 584A7A238F3510EB0DE82E0710075D35 38125cb7bcb5923bf450cc92e0f2a6364fe279319d5282032c8565db56e4197c ae28112c-f1d9-11f0-bf92-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=225462 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0