20.500.12556/RUL-177964 Sensing envelopes urban envelopes in the smart city ontology framework The paper examines the phenomenon of urban envelopes, a conceptual parallel to building envelopes, which is considered an emerging theme in studies of the built environment. The term ‘envelope’ refers to various physical and non-physical occurrences in the built environ- ment that delimit, enclose, or demarcate spatial configurations. In the first part of the paper, six distinct types of urban envelopes are identified: physical, programmatic, technological, ecological, environmental, and representational. These are defined based on a systematic literature review to clarify their form, role, and meaning in the context of contemporary cities. All six urban envelope types are formalised using ontology-building methods in Pro- tégé and visualised through WebVOWL, producing domain-agnostic RDF/OWL models that support semantic interoperability. The results provide a concise definition of urban envelopes, which are becoming increasingly relevant in their non-physical representations, such as spaces of control (surveillance of public urban spaces), dynamic environmental and ecological phenomena (pollution, heat islands, and more), temporal or dynamic definitions of space use, and many others in the context of contemporary smart city development. The analysis of possible alignment with existing smart city-related ontologies is presented. By providing the methodology for linking urbanistic principles with data-driven smart city frameworks, the paper provides a unified methodological foundation for incorporating such emerging spatial phenomena into formal urban models. urban envelopes building envelopes urbanism smart cities ontology urbane ovojnice stavbni ovoji urbanizem pametna mesta ontologije true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2026-01-14 13:48:15 2026-01-14 13:48:16 2026-01-17 04:38:18 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 23 str. iss. 1, [article no.] 30 Vol. 15 2026 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 711.4:502.131.1 2220-9964 10.3390/ijgi15010030 264582915 ijgi-15-00030.pdf ijgi-15-00030.pdf 1 632A37B3E4AC6F52C5D169AC5265FCFB 3a8aac1cde6e6fc705ff271a42b5ab4b74d647e7aee37a5ea8f07c34a6aca6dd be540f65-f2b1-11f0-bf92-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=225505 https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/15/1/30 1 4291ab1a-f147-11f0-bf92-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=225428 Fakulteta za arhitekturo 0 0 0