20.500.12556/RUL-176851 Effects of conventional and biodegradable microplastics on earthworm Eisenia andrei in two generations Mulching films, used in agriculture, can act as a source of microplastics (MPs) and plastic additives in soils. Due to the persistence of conventional mulching films and the repeated use of biodegradable films, soil organisms are exposed to MPs generation after generation. To study the long-term effects of MPs on functionally important soil invertebrates, we exposed earthworm Eisenia andrei in two generations (7 months) to MPs made of conventional polyethylene (PE-MP) and biodegradable blend of starch and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT-BD-MP) mulching film materials at concentrations ranging from 0.005 % to 5 %. In the first generation, earthworms exposed to the PE-MP and PBAT-BD-MP at concentrations higher than 0.1 % grew faster compared to the control, but reproduction was not affected. In the second generation, PE-MP decreased reproduction at 5 % and growth in all concentrations, while PBAT-BD-MP increased reproduction and growth at 5 % concentration. The total energy reserves were not affected, but the activity of electron transport system (ETS) decreased at 0.5–5 % concentrations of PBAT-BD-MP in the second generation. The number of ingested MPs increased with increasing exposure concentration. In addition, the soil water holding capacity (WHC) increased and pH value decreased. Our results highlight the long-term ecological risks of microplastics in agricultural soils. mulching films soil ecotoxicology earthworms plastic additives multigenerational test mulčni filmi ekotoksikologija tal deževniki plastični aditivi večgeneracijski testi true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2025-12-11 13:48:07 2025-12-11 13:48:08 2025-12-24 04:05:01 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 10 str. Vol. 2, art. 100019 Feb. 2026 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno apc 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 504.5:678 3051-0600 10.1016/j.hazmp.2025.100019 261018371 RAZ_Saartama_Vili_2026.pdf RAZ_Saartama_Vili_2026.pdf 1 7B9BA21320FE93CA88D3D910538BAAC8 812b254d7d68f897531a7f811db95f8a730c8bd33a7ee24772fce76f35c476c1 8c8ecba7-d690-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=223472 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S3051060025000198 1 39e88523-d68f-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=223471 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0