20.500.12556/RUL-176845 Recent advances in textile functionalization using essential oil-based-microcapsules with antimicrobial properties Nedavni napredek funkcionalizacije tekstilij z mikrokapsulami na osnovi protimikrobnih eteričnih olj Antimicrobial textiles are functionalized textiles designed to inhibit or terminate the growth of microorganisms. In light of the increasing emphasis on eco-friendly processes, the application of essential oils presents a viable alternative to synthetic drugs (antibiotics). The aim of this study was to evaluate recent advances in microencapsulation methods of essential oils with antimicrobial activity that can be applied on medical textile for dermal use by employing the PRISMA methodology. Essential oils have been microencapsulated using various methods: coacervation, spray-drying, emulsion method and in situ polymerization. Among these, coacervation is still extensively utilized, though associated scale-up challenges persist. Many essential oils have demonstrated antibacterial properties against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacteria, as well as antifungal activity (Candida albicans). The growth inhibition of these microorganisms was assessed in the presence of the following essential oils and their active substances with the highest biological-antimicrobial activity: cinnamon (transcinnamaldehyde), lime (α-terpineol, terpineol, and limonene), tea tree (terpinen-4-ol), rosemary (1,8-cineole and α-pinene), peppermint (l-menthol, menthone, methyl acetate and limonene), lavender (linalool and linalyl acetate), thyme (carvacrol) and clove (eugenol). The findings indicate that functionalized textile with microcapsules exhibits enhanced antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria compared to Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), which could be attributed to the bacteria’s thick wall. However, there is a notable lack of data regarding cytotoxicity and the sensory evaluation of functionalized textile. The potential utilization of essential oils was explored in the development of eco-friendlier functionalized textile with antimicrobial properties. However, additional research is required to maximize the antimicrobial activity of microcapsules to overcome challenges in the scale-up to pilot process, and to improve the immobilization in textiles. Protimikrobne tekstilije so funkcionalizirani materiali, zasnovani za zaviranje ali preprečevanje rasti mikroorganizmov. Ker si prizadevamo za uporabo okolju prijaznih tehnologij, je uporaba eteričnih olj mogoča kot alternativa sintetičnim zdravilom, kot so antibiotiki. Namen raziskave je bil oceniti razvoj metod mikroenkapsuliranja eteričnih olj s protimikrobnim delovanjem, ki jih je mogoče s pomočjo metodologije PRISMA uporabiti pri pripravi medicinskih tekstilij za dermalno uporabo. Eterična olja so bila mikrokapsulirana z različnimi tehnikami, vključno s koacervacijo, sušenjem z razprševanjem, emulzijsko metodo in polimerizacijo in situ. Med omenjenimi metodami je koacervacija še vedno najpogosteje uporabljena kljub izzivom, povezanim z razširitvijo procesa na industrijsko raven. Posamezna eterična olja izkazujejo širokospektralno protibakterijsko delovanje proti grampozitivnim (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) in gramnegativnim bakterijam (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae) ter protiglivično učinkovitost proti Candida albicans. Najvišjo biološko-protimikrobno aktivnost so pokazale aktivne snovi eteričnih olj cimeta (trans-cinamaldehid), limete (α-terpineol, terpineol, limonen), čajevca (terpinen-4-ol), rožmarina (1,8-cineol, α-pinen), poprove mete (L-mentol, menton, metil acetat, limonen), sivke (linalol, linalil acetat), timijana (karvakrol) in klinčkov (evgenol). Ugotovljeno je bilo, da mikrokapsulirane funkcionalizirane tekstilije izkazujejo učinkovitejše protibakterijsko delovanje proti grampozitivnim bakterijam kot proti gramnegativnim, kar je mogoče pripisati razliki v strukturi celične stene mikroorganizmov. Kljub spodbudnim rezultatom pa so podatki o citotoksičnosti in senzoričnih lastnostih protimikrobnih tekstilij še vedno omejeni. Potrebne so nadaljnje raziskave za povečanje protimikrobne učinkovitosti mikrokapsul, optimiziranje postopkov industrijske izdelave in izboljšanje vezave mikrokapsul na tekstilna vlakna. antimicrobial properties sustainability essential oils microcapsules textile functionalization protimikrobne lastnosti trajnost eterična olja mikrokapsule funkcionalizacija tekstilij true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2025-12-11 12:41:40 2025-12-11 14:06:45 2025-12-24 04:04:08 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 Str. 121-131 no. 2 Vol. 68 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 677 0351-3386 10.14502/tekstilec.68.2025025 262228739 02-DOI_10.14502_tekstilec.68.2025025_121-131.pdf 02-DOI_10.14502_tekstilec.68.2025025_121-131.pdf 1 3EDC3838975E7222CFFA80B0E8979DBD 6b9bb17ed74cbcccdd7ccf37db30f83e8c3c3035888161d6357daef4ac62eccb 5d602e80-d999-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=223726 https://journals.uni-lj.si/tekstilec/article/view/21855 0 4f842978-d999-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=223725 Naravoslovnotehniška fakulteta Tekstilec 0 0 0