20.500.12556/RUL-175230 Superfluids in expanding backgrounds and attractor times We determine the behavior of an out-of-equilibrium superfluid, composed of a U⁡(1) Goldstone mode coupled to hydrodynamic modes in a Müller-Israel-Stewart theory, in expanding backgrounds relevant to heavy ion collision experiments and cosmology. For suitable initial conditions, the evolution of the hydrodynamic variables leads to a change in the potential of the Goldstone mode, spontaneously breaking the symmetry. After some time, the condensate becomes small, leading the system evolution to be well described via hydrodynamic attractors for a timescale that we determine in Bjorken and Gubser flows. We define this new timescale as the attractor time and show its dependence on initial conditions. In the case of the Gubser flow, we provide for the first time a complete description of the nonlinear evolution of the system, including a novel nonlinear regime of constant anisotropy not found in the Bjorken evolution. Finally, we consider the superfluid in the dynamical Friedmann-Lemaitre-Roberston-Walker (FLRW) background, where we observe a similar attractor behavior, dependent on the initial conditions, that at late times approaches a regime dominated by the condensate. effective field theory phase transitions spontaneous symmetry breaking relativistic hydrodynamics efektivna teorija polja fazni prehodi spontani zlom simetrije relativistična hidrodinamika true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2025-10-22 12:46:30 2025-10-22 12:46:31 2025-12-07 04:01:11 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 Str. 076022-1-076022-20 iss. 7 Vol. 112 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 532/533 2470-0010 10.1103/45fr-wb1w 254286339 45fr-wb1w.pdf 45fr-wb1w.pdf 1 1C4DABC5710A0B93D191660327D2442F f7f91a8554bb7c001abfe31753c95a6340c639957f5d2e5747d037e5056a25f5 abcf6a9e-af35-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=220571 https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/45fr-wb1w 0 b5a6d39b-af35-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=220572 Fakulteta za matematiko in fiziko 0 0 0