20.500.12556/RUL-174840 Primerjava orožja habsburške in osmanske vojske v habsburško-osmanskih spopadih v 16. stoletju diplomsko delo Comparison of Habsburg and Ottoman weapons in the Habsburg-Ottoman sixteenth-century conflicts Maksimilijan I. je konec 15. stoletja uvedel poklicne enote Landsknechtov, kar je pomenilo postopen prehod iz fevdalne k plačani in profesionalni vojski. Njegova vojska je temeljila na kombinaciji težke konjenice in disciplinirane pehote, oborožene s sulicami, meči in ognjenim orožjem. Uvedba rednih vaj in standardizacija orožja sta izboljšali bojne sposobnosti. Maksimilijan je krepil topništvo, zlasti za obleganja (bombarde, havbice, tarasnice) in s tem uvajal zgodnje elemente vojaške revolucije. Leta 1511 je bil sprejet innsbruški libel, na podlagi tamkajšnjega obrambnega reda so reorganizirali habsburško obrambno strukturo. V slovenskih deželah so se ob osmanski grožnji utrjevala mesta in trgi. Obrambna moč slovenskih dežel je temeljila na pestri mreži utrdb, cerkva in gradov, podprtih z lažjim topništvom, samostreli in predvsem kavljastimi puškami. Po bitki pri Mohácsu (1526) in izvolitvi Ferdinanda za ogrsko-hrvaškega kralja se je bistveno pospešilo oblikovanje Vojne krajine, ki je predstavljala nov obrambni pas proti Osmanom. V osmanski vojski prvo uporabo topov beležimo pri obleganju Konstantinopla konec 14. stoletja, taktično pomembni pa so postali v 15. stoletju, v vojnah z Ogrsko. V času sultanov, kot sta bila Murad I. in Bajezid II., je prišlo do profesionalizacije vojske. Osrednjo vlogo so dobili janičarji, stalna pehota, oborožena najprej z loki, pozneje z mušketami. Ustanovljeni so bili tudi specializirani oddelki: topničarji, janičarski orožarji, bombardirji in inženirji. V uporabi so bili tako oblegovalni topovi sayka, balyemez, badaluşka, srednji poljski topovi kolunburna, darbzen, majhni topovi tipov eynek, prangi, şakaloz in muškete. At the end of the 15th century, Maximilian I introduced the professional Landsknecht units, marking a gradual transition from a feudal to a paid and professional army. His army was based on a combination of heavy cavalry and disciplined infantry, armed with pikes, swords, and firearms. The introduction of regular drills and the standardization of weaponry improved combat effectiveness. Maximilian also strengthened artillery, especially for sieges (bombards, howitzers, and tarasnic), thereby introducing early elements of the military revolution. In 1511, the Innsbruck Libel was adopted, and based on the regional regulations there, he reorganized the Habsburg defensive structure. In the Slovenian lands, uraban settlements were fortified in response to the Ottoman threat. The defensive capacity of the Slovenian territories relied on a diverse network of fortresses, churches, and castles, supported by lighter artillery, crossbows, and hackbuts. After the Battle of Mohács (1526) and Ferdinand’s election as King of Hungary and Croatia, the formation of the Military Frontier accelerated significantly, establishing a new defensive belt against the Ottomans. In the Ottoman army, the first use of cannons was recorded during the siege of Constantinople at the end of the 14th century, but they became tactically important in the 15th century during wars with Hungary. Under sultans such as Murad I and Bayezid II, the army became increasingly professionalized. The Janissaries, a permanent infantry force, gained a central role, initially armed with bows and later with muskets. Specialized units were also established, including artillerymen, Janissary armorers, bombardiers, and engineers. They employed siege cannons such as the sayka, balyemez, and badaluşka, medium field guns like the kolunburna and darbzen, smaller cannons like eynek, prangi and şakaloz, as well as muskets. Notranja Avstrija Osmansko cesarstvo orožje 16. stoletje Vojna krajina Inner Austria Ottoman empire weapons 16th century Millitary frontier true false false A. Belej Kovačič Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-10-10 07:48:39 2025-10-10 07:48:43 2025-11-30 03:46:51 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Ljubljana 0 Ljubljana 55 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 94(100)"15" 599563 255638787 60634.pdf 60634.pdf 1 6846E103DC50AD3C9316263D832EC7A3 806f10a7de726128583814fd728a48a33a0b6ac89413dc418a0948789b5d46f8 89f5a92e-a59c-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=219733 Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0