20.500.12556/RUL-173979 Effects of walnut bacterial blight on walnut fruit : insights into the tissue-specific metabolic response research data underlying the article Walnut bacterial blight (WBB), caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis, is one of the most damaging diseases in walnut production, capable of reducing yields by up to 50%. Despite its economic importance, knowledge of tissue-specific defense mechanisms in walnut fruit remains limited. In this study, we performed an integrative metabolomic and biochemical analysis of walnut fruit responses to WBB, focusing on primary and secondary metabolites, antioxidant activities, and enzyme dynamics across affected and non-affected tissues of the husk, stalk, as well as kernel skin and flesh. Using LC-MS, GC-MS, and spectrophotometric assays, we identified distinct compartmentalized defense strategies. The husk displayed strong phenolic-mediated responses, including naphthoquinone accumulation by 125%, though oxidative stress in necrotic areas reduced their stability and content by 50%. In contrast, kernel tissues showed reduced phenolic activity but relied on carotenoids and fatty acids, with carotenoids oxidizing early to preserve lipid integrity. Antioxidant enzymes were upregulated in husk and kernel skin, while volatile terpenes and sugars accumulated in infected tissues, indicating metabolic shifts toward localized defense. Overall, our findings reveal a tissue-specific and multi-layered defense network in walnut fruit, providing insights for breeding programs and future WBB management strategies. fatty acids kernel husk enzymes phenolics volatiles maščobne kisline jedrce lupina encimi fenoli hlapne snovi true false false Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Neznano 2025-09-25 12:49:57 2025-09-26 14:12:03 2025-11-15 04:06:22 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 2025-09-30 Methodology.docx Methodology.docx Methodology 1 00DB76C672EE6D98B2269037D4B4EE41 7153e6fc61f0ec51ea95afb9185ed65c981674df8e487cc03c4f651a7baf7626 8e0a9b89-9ad4-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=218810 Data.xlsx Data.xlsx Data 1 C4540CB154100B4C511B52A9ED48EC11 3239cb832166a21c56031588380e3f27dee3c2df410e1cbedae902a4d40b8d5c 40d3bde3-99fd-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=218702 Biotehniška fakulteta Meritve in testi 0 0 0