20.500.12556/RUL-173894 Deformacije skeleta pri pitovnih piščancih diplomsko delo Skeletal disorders in broiler chickens B. Sc. thesis Deformacije skeleta pri pitovnih piščancih sodijo med najpogostejše zdravstvene težave v intenzivni reji in pomembno vplivajo na dobrobit živali ter gospodarnost reje. Diplomsko delo povzema anatomske posebnosti ptičjega skeleta in učinke selekcije na hitro rast na biomehaniko nog. Predstavljena je multifaktorska etiologija najpogostejših motenj - tibialne dishondroplazije, rahitisa, valgus–varus deformacij, spondilopatij ter bakterijske hondronekroze z osteomielitisom (BHO) - kjer se genetska nagnjenost in dinamika rasti prepletata s prehranskimi (razmerje kalcija in dostopnega fosforja, vitamin D, elementi v sledeh, raven beljakovin in energije) ter okoljskimi dejavniki (gostota naselitve, osvetlitev, vročinski stres, kakovost nastila, biovarnost). Klinične posledice vključujejo šepavost, bolečino, zmanjšano gibljivost in višji pogin, kar vodi v ekonomske izgube. Analiza preventivnih in terapevtskih pristopov kaže, da je najučinkovitejši integriran program ukrepov: vključitev kazalnikov zdravja nog v selekcijske indekse oziroma uporaba počasneje rastočih linij, nadzor zgodnje rasti in spodbujanje lokomotorne aktivnosti, natančno formulirana prehrana z encimskimi ter mikrobiotskimi dodatki ter dosledna biovarnost od valilnice naprej. Pri infekcijskih entitetah, zlasti BHO in enterokoknem spondilitisu, je protimikrobna terapija učinkovitejša v akutnih fazah, medtem ko kronične lezije zahtevajo predvsem preventivni pristop. Celovit okvir, ki hkrati naslavlja genetiko, prehrano in rejske prakse, dokazano zmanjšuje pojavnost skeletnih lezij, izboljšuje dobrobit pitovnih piščancev ter prispeva k večji trajnosti in učinkovitosti prireje. Skeletal disorders in broiler chickens are one of the most common health problems in intensive production systems and significantly affect both animal welfare and economic efficiency. This thesis provides an overview of the anatomical features of the poultry skeleton and the effects of selection for rapid growth on leg biomechanics. The multifactorial aetiology of the most common diseases - tibial dyschondroplasia, rickets, valgus varus deformities, spondylopathies and bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) - is presented, in which genetic predisposition and growth dynamics interact with nutritional factors (ratio of calcium to available phosphorus, vitamin D, trace elements, protein and energy content) and environmental influences (stocking density, lighting, heat stress, litter quality, biosecurity). Clinical consequences include lameness, pain, reduced mobility and increased mortality, all of which contribute to economic losses. Analysis of preventive and therapeutic approaches shows that the most effective strategy is an integrated programme of measures: inclusion of leg health indicators in selection indices or the use of slower growing lines, control of early growth and promotion of locomotor activity, precisely formulated feeds with enzymatic and microbiotic additives and strict biosecurity from the hatchery onwards. For infectious diseases, especially BCO and enterococcal spondylitis, antimicrobial therapy is more effective in the acute stage, while chronic lesions must primarily be treated preventively. A comprehensive framework that takes into account genetics, nutrition and husbandry practises has been shown to reduce the prevalence of skeletal disorders, improve broiler welfare and increase both sustainability and production efficiency. perutnina pitovni piščanci deformacije skeleta vplivi poultry broiler chickens skeletal deformities impacts true false false T. Jazbinšek Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-09-25 07:17:03 2025-09-25 07:17:08 2025-11-15 03:43:40 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Ljubljana 2025 Ljubljana 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VI, [16] str.)) 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 636.5.09(043.2) 266194 250338307 53819.pdf 53819.pdf 1 90725BD500746153485D43C02C61DF3B 9f193f1e99d56c9d4cf7923553ef8a4b8252bdaa5852f91db3f1cd02b0d08580 b1ad17ca-99ce-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=218582 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0