20.500.12556/RUL-173675 Rejski cilji in selekcijske odločitve v čredah krav molznic z vidika rejca, živali, okolja in javnosti diplomsko delo Breeding objectives and selection decisions in dairy cows from the perspective of farmers, animals, the environment and society B. Sc. thesis V diplomski nalogi smo predstavili trenutne rejske cilje za rjavo, lisasto in črnobelo pasmo v Sloveniji. Podatki kontrole produktivnosti kažejo genetski napredek, ki mora biti podprt z ustreznim managementom. Ugotavljamo, da rejci vse večji poudarek pri selekciji namenjajo funkcionalnim lastnostim kot so dolgoživost, plodnost, potek telitve, iztok mleka in lastnostim, povezanim z zdravjem, manj pa proizvodnim lastnostim. Številne študije kažejo na to, da je selekcija na funkcionalne lastnosti in lastnosti zdravja dolgoročno bolj smotrna kot selekcija zgolj na proizvodne lastnosti. Zadnje čase pridobivajo na pomenu lastnosti zdravja, odpornost na mastitis, zdravje nog in parkljev, plodnost, dolgoživost, iztok mleka ter potek telitev tudi v povezavi z dobrobitjo. Z vidika okolja je najbolj pomembna učinkovitost reje, zmanjšanje izpustov toplogrednih plinov, izboljšanje konverzije krme in dolgoživost. Vse te lastnosti so pomembne tudi za rejca, saj imajo dolgožive in produktivnejše živali z dobro konverzijo krme manjši okoljski odtis in večjo produktivnost na enoto proizvoda. V nalogi smo proučili selekcijske odločitve in rejske cilje z vidika javnosti in ugotovili, da javnost izpostavlja predvsem lastnosti zdravja, lastnosti povezane z dobrim počutjem živali in dolgoživostjo. Moderni rejski cilji pri mlečnih in kombiniranih pasmah vključujejo lastnosti, ki hkrati izboljšujejo dobrobit živali, zmanjšujejo obremenitev okolja in izboljšajo učinkovitost proizvodnje. In this paper we have presented the current breeding objectives for the Brown Swiss, Fleckvieh and Holstein breeds in Slovenia. Data from milk recording show the genetic progress that needs to be supported by appropriate management. Our results show that farmers are increasingly focussing on functional traits such as longevity, fertility, calving ease, milking speed and health-related traits rather than just production traits. Numerous studies indicate that selection for functional and health traits is more profitable in the long term than selection focussing only on production traits. Recently, health traits such as mastitis resistance, claw and leg health, fertility, longevity, milking speed and calving ease have become particularly important, also in the context of animal welfare. From an environmental perspective, the most important aspects are production efficiency, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, the improvement of feed utilisation and the longevity of the animals. All of these characteristics are also important for farmers, as longer-lived and more productive animals with better feed conversion have a lower environmental footprint and higher productivity per unit of production. In this work, we also analysed selection decisions and breeding objectives from the public's point of view and found that society primarily values health traits, animal welfare and longevity. Modern breeding goals for dairy and dual-purpose breeds therefore include traits that simultaneously improve animal welfare, reduce environmental impact and increase production efficiency. govedo krave molznice rejski cilji selekcijske odločitve cattle dairy cows breeding goals selection decisions true false false B. Brinjovc Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-09-20 07:16:24 2025-09-20 07:16:28 2025-10-16 03:41:08 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Ljubljana 2025 Ljubljana 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (IX, [27] str.)) 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 636.2.08(043.2) 265024 250116099 53183.pdf 53183.pdf 1 D93E5D884E23AC5F0AEB34FCEF7F24A8 44a82f5a1d6a6f0b568996ad31e78bcbc556b4cdfeefed24bcc53d1ad8784eee c9f223df-95e0-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=218324 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0