20.500.12556/RUL-173399 Vpliv poklicne izpostavljenosti ionizirajočemu sevanju na zdravje: pregled literature o vplivu dolgotrajne izpostavljenosti sevanju z nizkimi dozami na rakave in nerakave bolezni pri poklicno izpostavljenih delavcih magistrsko delo Effects of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation on health: literature overview of effects of long term low-dose radiation exposure on cancer and non-cancer diseases in occupationally exposed workers master thesis Uvod: Stohastičnih učinkov nizkodoznega ionizirajočega sevanja ni mogoče neposredno povezati s pojavom rakavih in kardiovaskularnih bolezni ter katarakte, zato so za ugotavljanje vplivov potrebne obsežne raziskave in statistične analize. Ker v Sloveniji primanjkuje tovrstnih študij, je pomembno pripraviti sistematičen pregled literature za boljše razumevanje tveganj in ozaveščanje izpostavljenih delavcev, ki delajo z viri ionizirajočega sevanja. Namen: Namen magistrskega dela je z analizo dostopne znanstvene literature ugotoviti, katere bolezni in zdravstveni parametri so najpogosteje povezani s poklicno izpostavljenostjo sevanju. Metode: V magistrskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela s sistematičnim pregledom literature. Iskanje znanstvenih virov je bilo opravljeno v podatkovni bazi medicinskih člankov, kjer smo z uporabo izbranih ključnih besed pridobili 251 rezultatov, ki so bili primerni za natančnejšo analizo. Po treh stopnjah izločanja je bilo v končno analizo vključenih 37 znanstvenih prispevkov, ki so ustrezali vnaprej določenim vključitvenim merilom. Rezultati: Analiza literature je pokazala, da so pri poklicno izpostavljenih delavcih, ki delajo z viri ionizirajočega sevanja, nekatere vrste raka, kot so določene levkemije, tumorji osrednjega živčnega sistema, rak ledvic in rak dojke, statistično značilno pogostejše. Prav tako je analiza pokazala visoko pojavnost zadnje subkapsularne oblike katarakte pri delavcih, ki so dolgotrajno izpostavljeni sevanju, predvsem v zdravstvu. Razprava in zaključek: Povezave med poklicno izpostavljenostjo ionizirajočemu sevanju in kardiovaskularnimi boleznimi so bile manj enotne, pogosto celo obratno sorazmerne, kar bi lahko pojasnili z učinkom zdravega delavca, kar pomeni, da so manj zdravi posamezniki pogosto izključeni iz delovnega procesa. Rezultati magistrskega dela poudarjajo pomen natančne ocene kumulativne izpostavljenosti, dolgotrajnega spremljanja delavcev ter upoštevanja metodoloških omejitev in motečih dejavnikov pri interpretaciji povezav med ionizirajočim sevanjem in zdravstvenimi izidi. Potrebne so nadaljne raziskave, ki bi temeljile na izboljšanih podatkovnih bazah, večjih kohortah ter bolj enotnih analitičnih pristopih. Introduction: Stochastic effects of low-dose ionizing radiation cannot be directly linked to the development of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, or cataracts, which is why extensive research and statistical analysis are needed to determine its impact. Since such studies are lacking in Slovenia, it is important to conduct a systematic literature review to better understand the risks and raise awareness among exposed workers. Objective: The aim of the master’s thesis is to identify which diseases and health parameters are most commonly associated with occupational radiation exposure by analyzing available scientific literature. Methods: A descriptive method with a systematic literature review was used in this thesis. Scientific sources were searched in a medical article database using selected keywords, resulting in 251 studies that were suitable for further analysis. After three stages of exclusion, 37 scientific papers that met predefined inclusion criteria were included in the final analysis. Results: The literature analysis revealed that certain types of cancer, such as specific leukemias, central nervous system tumors, kidney cancer, and breast cancer, are statistically significantly more common among occupationally exposed workers. The analysis also showed a high incidence of posterior subcapsular cataracts in workers with long-term radiation exposure, particularly in healthcare settings. Discussion and Conclusion: The associations between occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and cardiovascular diseases were less consistent and often even inversely proportional, which could be explained by the healthy worker effect, meaning that less healthy individuals are often excluded from the workforce. The results of the master's thesis highlight the importance of accurate assessment of cumulative exposure, long-term monitoring of workers, and consideration of methodological limitations and confounding factors when interpreting the associations between ionizing radiation and health outcomes. Further research is needed, based on improved data sources, larger cohorts, and more consistent analytical approaches. magistrska dela radiološka tehnologija poklicna izpostavljenost ionizirajoče sevanje rak katarakta kardiovaskularne bolezni master's theses radiologic technology occupational exposure ionizing radiation cancer cataract cardiovascular diseases true false false [T. Sevšek] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2025-09-17 07:45:34 2025-09-17 07:45:38 2025-11-08 03:56:52 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Ljubljana 0 Ljubljana 57 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 616-07 150431 249194499 53551.pdf 53551.pdf 1 D103B93D552BDCB5D1ABFAB3FCAB6F1B eaf9aadf3768b79e84c3b02a20379265d9017a46b2afa820b1396f970f9f9517 5e303a84-9389-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=217809 Zdravstvena fakulteta 0 0 0